The profile of time allocation in the metabolic pattern of society

We show that shortage of human activity may represent an internal constraint to economic growth as relevant as external resource and sink constraints. Human time is required, both inside and outside the market, to produce and consume the goods and services needed to sustain societal metabolism. The...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Manfroni, Michele|||0000-0001-7346-0866, Velasco-Fernández, Raúl|||0000-0002-5438-1158, Pérez-Sánchez, Laura|||0000-0002-6772-8456, Bukkens, Sandra|||0000-0001-9171-3150, Giampietro, Mario|||0000-0002-5569-7023
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:250732
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/250732
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2021.107183
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Energy
Human activity
MuSIASEM
Social practices
Societal metabolism
Sustainability
Sustainable production and consumption
Descripción
Sumario:We show that shortage of human activity may represent an internal constraint to economic growth as relevant as external resource and sink constraints. Human time is required, both inside and outside the market, to produce and consume the goods and services needed to sustain societal metabolism. The time allocation profile is therefore an emergent property of the societal metabolic pattern. When most time is invested in services and final consumption rather than supplying the inputs required by the metabolic process, further growth is constrained. This problem may be temporarily overcome by three strategies: (i) increasing capital investment to boost labor productivity in the productive sectors; (ii) externalizing the requirement of working hours through imports of goods and services; (iii) importing economically active population through immigration. Each strategy is illustrated with an empirical example: (i) a comparison of the evolution of the profile of time and capital allocation between China and the EU;(ii) an assessment of the labor hours embodied in EU imports; (iii) an analysis of demographic changes in response to immigration in Spain. While these strategies can temporarily overcome constraints to economic growth at the national level, they do not represent a long-term solution at the global level.