HLA-DRB1 allele distribution in Chilean population: insights into rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility and protection

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease influenced by genetic factors, particularly HLA-DRB1 alleles. The objective of this study was to characterize the distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles in Chilean RA patients and healthy controls (HC) and evaluate associations with suscepti...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Catalán, Diego, Soto, Lilian, Neira, Óscar, Cuéllar-Gutiérrez, María C., Díaz-Peña, Roberto, Aravena, Octavio, Palou, Eduard, Carrascal, Montserrat, Aguillón, Juan C., Maggi, Jaxaira
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/403792
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/403792
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105006852562
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Chilean cohort
HLA-DRB1 alleles
Anti-CCP antibodies
Rheumatoid arthritis
Shared epitope
Descripción
Sumario:Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease influenced by genetic factors, particularly HLA-DRB1 alleles. The objective of this study was to characterize the distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles in Chilean RA patients and healthy controls (HC) and evaluate associations with susceptibility or protection, autoantibody seropositivity, and disease activity. Methods: We genotyped 367 RA patients and 623 HC for HLA-DRB1 using PCR-SSO. Then, we examined allele frequencies and distribution, including known RA risk alleles of the “Shared Epitope” (SE) of HLA-DRB1 and protective (PR) alleles, using the Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to measure the degree of association, and unpaired T-tests were used to compare continuous variables. Results: The most frequent SE alleles among RA patients were *04:01 (16.1%), *04:04 (13.9%), and *14:02 (11.7%). SE alleles *04:01, *04:04, *04:05, *04:08, and *10:01, along with non-SE alleles *09:01 and *15:02, were associated with RA susceptibility. In addition, allele *14:02 showed an association with the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti-CCP) antibodies. Meanwhile, PR alleles *11:01 (14.8%) and *16:02 (9.8%) were observed most frequently in HC and RA patients, respectively. PR alleles *11:01, *11:04, and *13:01, as well as the non-PR alleles *15:01, *04:07, *03:01, *07:01, and *08:02, were associated with protection from RA, and showed no significant associations with autoantibody seropositivity. Discussion: This study provides a comprehensive overview of HLA-DRB1 allele distribution in the Chilean population, identifying both well-known and novel allele associations with RA susceptibility, protection, and disease activity.