Profile and Usefulness of Serum Cytokines to Predict Prognosis in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease

To characterize the serum cytokine profile in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) at onset and during follow-up and assess their utility for predicting relapses and disability. This retrospective multicentric cohort study included patients aged 16 years and older...

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Autores: Villacieros-Álvarez, Javier, Espejo, Carmen|||0000-0001-9949-5901, Arrambide, Georgina|||0000-0002-2657-5510, Dinoto, Alessandro|||0000-0002-3249-4792, Mulero, Patricia|||0000-0001-8716-8997, Rubio-Flores, Laura|||0000-0001-5570-8055, Nieto, Pablo, Alcalá, Carmen, Meca-Lallana, Jose Eustasio|||0000-0001-5050-9890, Millan-Pascual, Jorge|||0000-0003-2112-5964, Martínez-García, Pedro, Bernard-Valnet, Raphael|||0000-0001-7447-344X, González-Suárez, Inés|||0000-0002-9897-0771, Orviz, Aída, Téllez, Raquel, Navarro Canto, Laura, Presas Rodríguez, Sílvia|||0000-0001-8545-2476, Martínez Yélamos, Sergio|||0000-0001-9889-2040, Cuello, Juan Pablo, Alonso, Ana, Piñar Morales, Raquel|||0000-0003-3490-4932, Álvarez Bravo, Gary|||0000-0003-0342-0177, Benyahya, Lakhdar, Trouillet-Assant, Sophie|||0000-0001-6439-4705, Dyon-Tafan, Virginie, Froment Tilikete, Caroline|||0000-0002-1452-1398, Ruet, Aurélie|||0000-0002-0020-8739, Bourre, Bertrand|||0000-0002-2459-2480, Deschamps, Romain|||0000-0001-6291-8771, Papeix, Caroline|||0000-0003-4074-6125, Maillart, Elisabeth|||0000-0001-7699-0328, Kerschen, Philippe|||0000-0002-6450-0691, Ayrignac, Xavier|||0000-0003-3834-2981, Rovira, Alex|||0000-0002-2132-6750, Auger, Cristina|||0000-0001-9846-4767, Audoin, Bertrand|||0000-0002-9860-7657, Montalban, Xavier|||0000-0002-0098-9918, Tintoré, Mar|||0000-0001-9999-5359, Mariotto, Sara|||0000-0002-7806-3103, Cobo-Calvo, Álvaro|||0000-0002-2574-0721, Marignier, Romain|||0000-0002-5967-2800
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:306049
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/306049
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1212/NXI.0000000000200362
Access Level:acceso abierto
Descripción
Sumario:To characterize the serum cytokine profile in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) at onset and during follow-up and assess their utility for predicting relapses and disability. This retrospective multicentric cohort study included patients aged 16 years and older meeting MOGAD 2023 criteria, with serum samples collected at baseline (≤3 months from disease onset) and follow-up (≥6 months from the baseline), and age-matched and time to sampling-matched patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Eleven cytokines were assessed using the ELLA system. Data comparisons and statistical analyses between cytokine levels and clinical outcomes were performed. Eighty-eight patients with MOGAD and 32 patients with MS were included. Patients with MOGAD showed higher IL6 (p = 0.036), IL8 (p = 0.012), and IL18 (p = 0.026) baseline levels compared with those with MS, in non-optic neuritis (ON) presentations. BAFF values increased over time, especially in patients with MOGAD treated with anti-CD20 (p = 0.002). Baseline BAFF, CXCL10, IL10, and IL8 levels correlated with disease severity at MOGAD onset (all p < 0.05). Finally, higher baseline BAFF levels predicted lower risk of relapses (hazard ratio 0.41 [0.19; 0.89], p = 0.024). This study suggests a proinflammatory Th17-dominant profile in non-ON MOGAD patients, with a novel finding of a potential protective role of BAFF on relapses. These results shed new light on the pathogenesis of MOGAD, potentially guiding therapeutic decisions.

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