Synthesis, characterization and structure-properties relationship of aerogels and aerogel-based composites

During the last few years, cellular materials research has pointed to aerogels as one of the most promising materials. This is due to the combination of properties, such as their low density, large specific surface area, excellent thermal and acoustic insulation, and high porosity. These properties...

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Autor: Merillas Valero, Beatriz
Tipo de recurso: tesis doctoral
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Valladolid
Repositorio:UVaDOC. Repositorio Documental de la Universidad de Valladolid
OAI Identifier:oai:uvadoc.uva.es:10324/59775
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.35376/10324/59775
https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/59775
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Materiales
Polyurethane
Poliuretano
Aerogels
Aerogeles
22 Física
33 Ciencias Tecnológicas
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oai_identifier_str oai:uvadoc.uva.es:10324/59775
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Synthesis, characterization and structure-properties relationship of aerogels and aerogel-based composites
title Synthesis, characterization and structure-properties relationship of aerogels and aerogel-based composites
spellingShingle Synthesis, characterization and structure-properties relationship of aerogels and aerogel-based composites
Merillas Valero, Beatriz
Materiales
Polyurethane
Poliuretano
Aerogels
Aerogeles
22 Física
33 Ciencias Tecnológicas
title_short Synthesis, characterization and structure-properties relationship of aerogels and aerogel-based composites
title_full Synthesis, characterization and structure-properties relationship of aerogels and aerogel-based composites
title_fullStr Synthesis, characterization and structure-properties relationship of aerogels and aerogel-based composites
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis, characterization and structure-properties relationship of aerogels and aerogel-based composites
title_sort Synthesis, characterization and structure-properties relationship of aerogels and aerogel-based composites
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Merillas Valero, Beatriz
author Merillas Valero, Beatriz
author_facet Merillas Valero, Beatriz
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Rodríguez Pérez, Miguel Ángel
Villafañe González, Fernando
Universidad de Valladolid. Escuela de Doctorado
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Materiales
Polyurethane
Poliuretano
Aerogels
Aerogeles
22 Física
33 Ciencias Tecnológicas
topic Materiales
Polyurethane
Poliuretano
Aerogels
Aerogeles
22 Física
33 Ciencias Tecnológicas
description During the last few years, cellular materials research has pointed to aerogels as one of the most promising materials. This is due to the combination of properties, such as their low density, large specific surface area, excellent thermal and acoustic insulation, and high porosity. These properties are the consequence of their interesting structures characterized by pores and particles in the nanometric scale. This thesis focuses on the synthesis and characterization of aerogels and aerogel-based composites. The main objective has been the development of polyurethane-based organic aerogels obtained by sol-gel technology followed by supercritical drying. These materials present interesting optical properties (transparency to visible light), a thermal conductivity below that of the aerogels previously described for this matrix (included in the superinsulating range), achieving values of 12 mW/mK, and superior mechanical properties than the widely investigated silica aerogels. Additionally, the effect of the addition of infrared blockers on its thermal conductivity has been studied. On the other hand, the incorporation of polyurethane foams with reticulated structures during the synthesis of silica aerogels has allowed the notable improvement of their mechanical properties, providing them with great stiffness and flexibility. In addition, these materials have excellent thermal insulation. As a result of this research, the relationship between formulation-process-structure-properties has been understood, so that, through the analysis of different parameters, their influence on the final properties has been identified. Thus, certain synthesis strategies are established allowing to obtain promising aerogels with potential application in the construction, automotive, and aeronautics sectors, among others. This thesis, supervised by Prof. Dr. Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez and Prof. Dr. Fernando Villafañe González, constitutes the opening of a new research line at CellMat Laboratory, Department of Condensed Matter Physics of the University of Valladolid, allowing the development of numerous lines of future work.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.35376/10324/59775
https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/59775
url https://doi.org/10.35376/10324/59775
https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/59775
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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spelling Synthesis, characterization and structure-properties relationship of aerogels and aerogel-based compositesMerillas Valero, BeatrizMaterialesPolyurethanePoliuretanoAerogelsAerogeles22 Física33 Ciencias TecnológicasDuring the last few years, cellular materials research has pointed to aerogels as one of the most promising materials. This is due to the combination of properties, such as their low density, large specific surface area, excellent thermal and acoustic insulation, and high porosity. These properties are the consequence of their interesting structures characterized by pores and particles in the nanometric scale. This thesis focuses on the synthesis and characterization of aerogels and aerogel-based composites. The main objective has been the development of polyurethane-based organic aerogels obtained by sol-gel technology followed by supercritical drying. These materials present interesting optical properties (transparency to visible light), a thermal conductivity below that of the aerogels previously described for this matrix (included in the superinsulating range), achieving values of 12 mW/mK, and superior mechanical properties than the widely investigated silica aerogels. Additionally, the effect of the addition of infrared blockers on its thermal conductivity has been studied. On the other hand, the incorporation of polyurethane foams with reticulated structures during the synthesis of silica aerogels has allowed the notable improvement of their mechanical properties, providing them with great stiffness and flexibility. In addition, these materials have excellent thermal insulation. As a result of this research, the relationship between formulation-process-structure-properties has been understood, so that, through the analysis of different parameters, their influence on the final properties has been identified. Thus, certain synthesis strategies are established allowing to obtain promising aerogels with potential application in the construction, automotive, and aeronautics sectors, among others. This thesis, supervised by Prof. Dr. Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez and Prof. Dr. Fernando Villafañe González, constitutes the opening of a new research line at CellMat Laboratory, Department of Condensed Matter Physics of the University of Valladolid, allowing the development of numerous lines of future work.Durante los últimos años, la investigación en campo de los materiales celulares ha señalado a los aerogeles como uno de los materiales más prometedores. Esto es debido a la combinación de propiedades entre las cuales se encuentran su baja densidad, gran superficie específica, excelente aislamiento térmico y acústico, y alta porosidad. Estas propiedades son la consecuencia directa de sus interesantes estructuras caracterizadas por tamaños de poro y partículas que se encuentran en la escala nanométrica. Esta tesis se centra en la síntesis y caracterización de aerogeles y materiales compuestos basados en aerogel. El principal objetivo ha sido el desarrollo de aerogeles orgánicos en base poliuretano obtenidos mediante la tecnología sol-gel seguida de secado supercrítico. Estos materiales presentan propiedades ópticas de interés (transparencia a la luz visible), una conductividad térmica por debajo de los aerogeles previamente descritos para esta matriz, que están comprendidos en el rango del superaislamiento consiguiendo valores de tan solo 12 mW/mK, y unas propiedades mecánicas superiores a los aerogeles de sílice ampliamente investigados. Adicionalmente, se ha estudiado el efecto de la adición de partículas bloqueadoras de la radiación infrarroja en su conductividad térmica. Por otro lado, la incorporación de espumas de poliuretano con estructuras reticuladas durante la síntesis de aerogeles de sílice ha permitido la notable mejora de sus propiedades mecánicas, proporcionándoles una gran resistencia a la compresión y flexibilidad. Además, estos materiales presentan un aislamiento térmico excelente. Como resultado de esta investigación, se ha comprendido la relación entre formulación- proceso-estructura propiedades, de forma que, mediante el análisis de diferentes parámetros, se ha identificado su influencia en las propiedades finales. Así, se establecen ciertas estrategias de síntesis que permiten la obtención de aerogeles prometedores con potencial aplicación en el sector de la construcción, automoción, aeronáutica, entre otros. Esta tesis, supervisada por el Prof. Dr. Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez el Prof. Dr. Fernando Villafañe González, constituye la apertura de una nueva línea de investigación en el Laboratorio CellMat del Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada de la Universidad de Valladolid, permitiendo el desarrollo de numerosas líneas de trabajo futuro.Escuela de DoctoradoDoctorado en FísicaRodríguez Pérez, Miguel ÁngelVillafañe González, FernandoUniversidad de Valladolid. Escuela de Doctorado2023info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.35376/10324/59775https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/59775reponame:UVaDOC. Repositorio Documental de la Universidad de Valladolidinstname:Universidad de ValladolidInglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/oai:uvadoc.uva.es:10324/597752026-06-13T12:44:47Z
score 15,301603

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