Portable Reflective-Mode Phase-Variation Microwave Sensor Based on a Rat-Race Coupler Pair and Gain/Phase Detector for Dielectric Characterization

This article presents a low-cost and portable phase-variation planar microwave sensor operating in reflective mode, where the output variable, the phase of the reflection coefficient of the one-port sensing element, is retrieved by means of a distributed circuit based on a pair of rat-race hybrid co...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Vélez, Paris|||0000-0001-6502-5987, Paredes Marco, Ferran|||0000-0002-7252-1169, Casacuberta, Pau|||0000-0002-2658-2200, Elgeziry, Mahmoud|||0000-0002-2801-2826, Su, Lijuan|||0000-0002-4753-9340, Muñoz Enano, Jonathan|||0000-0003-1271-3801, Costa, Filippo|||0000-0001-7572-2014, Genovesi, Simone|||0000-0002-5323-1780, Martín, Ferran|||0000-0002-1494-9167
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:275092
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/275092
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1109/JSEN.2023.3240771
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Hybrid coupler
Microstrip technology
Microwave sensor
Permittivity sensor
Phase detector
Phase-variation sensor
Reflective-mode sensor
Descripción
Sumario:This article presents a low-cost and portable phase-variation planar microwave sensor operating in reflective mode, where the output variable, the phase of the reflection coefficient of the one-port sensing element, is retrieved by means of a distributed circuit based on a pair of rat-race hybrid couplers and the associated electronics. This includes a microcontroller, a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an RF/microwave gain/phase detector. By this means, vector network analyzers (VNAs), i.e., high-cost instruments typically used for obtaining the reflection coefficient in one-port structures or circulators (microwave components able to separate the injected signal from the reflected signal in any one-port network) are avoided. Indeed, the presented architecture (including the microwave rat-race hybrid configuration and the associated electronics) can be adapted to other one-port reflective-mode phase-variation microwave sensors. A prototype example, where the sensing element is a one-port step-impedance open-ended transmission line, is reported. The device provides the phase of the reflection coefficient of the sensing element as a function of the dielectric constant of the material under test (MUT) with a maximum sensitivity of -65.7° and a relative error of less than 8% in all the measurements.