Polar-facing slopes showed stronger greening trend than equatorial-facing slopes in Tibetan plateau grasslands

The orientation of slopes in alpine zones creates microclimates, e.g. equatorial-facing slopes (EFSs) are generally drier and warmer than are polar-facing slopes (PFSs). The vegetation growing in these microhabitats responds divergently to climatic warming depending on the slope orientation. We prop...

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Authors: Yin, Gaofei, Yan, Xinyu, Ma, Dujuan, Xie, Jiangliu, Chen, Rui, Pan, Huiqin, Zhao, Wei, Wang, Changjing, Verger, Aleixandre, Descals, Adrià, Filella, Iolanda, Peñuelas, Josep
Format: article
Status:Versión enviada para evaluación y publicación
Publication Date:2023
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/350832
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/350832
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Aspect gradient
Greenness asymmetry
Climatic warming
Microclimate
Greening
Tibetan plateau
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network_acronym_str ES
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spelling Polar-facing slopes showed stronger greening trend than equatorial-facing slopes in Tibetan plateau grasslandsYin, GaofeiYan, XinyuMa, DujuanXie, JiangliuChen, RuiPan, HuiqinZhao, WeiWang, ChangjingVerger, AleixandreDescals, AdriàFilella, IolandaPeñuelas, JosepAspect gradientGreenness asymmetryClimatic warmingMicroclimateGreeningTibetan plateauThe orientation of slopes in alpine zones creates microclimates, e.g. equatorial-facing slopes (EFSs) are generally drier and warmer than are polar-facing slopes (PFSs). The vegetation growing in these microhabitats responds divergently to climatic warming depending on the slope orientation. We proposed a spatial metric, the greenness asymmetric index (GAI), defined as the ratio between the average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) on PFSs and EFSs within a given spatial window, to quantify the asymmetry of greenness across aspects. We calculated GAI for each non-overlapping 3 × 3 km2 (100 × 100 Landsat pixels) grid, and seamlessly mapped it on Tibetan Plateau (TP) grassland using NDVI time series from the Landsat-5, -7 and -8 satellites. PFSs were greener than EFSs (GAI > 1) in warm and dry areas, and EFSs were greener than PFSs (GAI < 1) in cold and wet areas. We also detected a stronger greening trend (0.0040 vs 0.0034 y−1) and a higher sensitivity of NDVI to temperature (0.031 vs 0.026 °C−1) on PFSs than EFSs, leading to a significant positive trend in GAI (0.00065 y−1, P < 0.01) in the TP from 1991 to 2020. Our results suggest that global warming exacerbated the greenness asymmetry associated with the slope orientation: PFSs are more sensitive to warming and have been greening at a faster rate than EFSs. The gradient of EFSs and PFSs provided a “natural laboratory” to study interaction of water and temperature limitations on vegetation growth. Our study is the first to detect the effect of aspect on the greening trend in the TP. Future research needs to clarify the full biotic and abiotic determinants for this spatial and temporal asymmetry of greenness across aspects with the support of extensive field measurements and refined high-resolution NDVI products.This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China 42271323 and 41971282, the Sichuan Science and Technology Program 2021JDJQ0007, the Spanish Government project TED2021-132627B-I00 funded by the Spanish MCIN, AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, the Fundación Ramón Areces project CIVP20A6621 and the Catalan government project SGR2021-1333.NoElsevierNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaSichuan Provincial Department of Science and TechnologyMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)European CommissionFundación Ramón ArecesGeneralitat de CatalunyaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202420242023info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Preprintinfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/350832reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//TED2021-132627B-I00The underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at 10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109698https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109698Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3508322026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Polar-facing slopes showed stronger greening trend than equatorial-facing slopes in Tibetan plateau grasslands
title Polar-facing slopes showed stronger greening trend than equatorial-facing slopes in Tibetan plateau grasslands
spellingShingle Polar-facing slopes showed stronger greening trend than equatorial-facing slopes in Tibetan plateau grasslands
Yin, Gaofei
Aspect gradient
Greenness asymmetry
Climatic warming
Microclimate
Greening
Tibetan plateau
title_short Polar-facing slopes showed stronger greening trend than equatorial-facing slopes in Tibetan plateau grasslands
title_full Polar-facing slopes showed stronger greening trend than equatorial-facing slopes in Tibetan plateau grasslands
title_fullStr Polar-facing slopes showed stronger greening trend than equatorial-facing slopes in Tibetan plateau grasslands
title_full_unstemmed Polar-facing slopes showed stronger greening trend than equatorial-facing slopes in Tibetan plateau grasslands
title_sort Polar-facing slopes showed stronger greening trend than equatorial-facing slopes in Tibetan plateau grasslands
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Yin, Gaofei
Yan, Xinyu
Ma, Dujuan
Xie, Jiangliu
Chen, Rui
Pan, Huiqin
Zhao, Wei
Wang, Changjing
Verger, Aleixandre
Descals, Adrià
Filella, Iolanda
Peñuelas, Josep
author Yin, Gaofei
author_facet Yin, Gaofei
Yan, Xinyu
Ma, Dujuan
Xie, Jiangliu
Chen, Rui
Pan, Huiqin
Zhao, Wei
Wang, Changjing
Verger, Aleixandre
Descals, Adrià
Filella, Iolanda
Peñuelas, Josep
author_role author
author2 Yan, Xinyu
Ma, Dujuan
Xie, Jiangliu
Chen, Rui
Pan, Huiqin
Zhao, Wei
Wang, Changjing
Verger, Aleixandre
Descals, Adrià
Filella, Iolanda
Peñuelas, Josep
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv National Natural Science Foundation of China
Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
European Commission
Fundación Ramón Areces
Generalitat de Catalunya
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Aspect gradient
Greenness asymmetry
Climatic warming
Microclimate
Greening
Tibetan plateau
topic Aspect gradient
Greenness asymmetry
Climatic warming
Microclimate
Greening
Tibetan plateau
description The orientation of slopes in alpine zones creates microclimates, e.g. equatorial-facing slopes (EFSs) are generally drier and warmer than are polar-facing slopes (PFSs). The vegetation growing in these microhabitats responds divergently to climatic warming depending on the slope orientation. We proposed a spatial metric, the greenness asymmetric index (GAI), defined as the ratio between the average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) on PFSs and EFSs within a given spatial window, to quantify the asymmetry of greenness across aspects. We calculated GAI for each non-overlapping 3 × 3 km2 (100 × 100 Landsat pixels) grid, and seamlessly mapped it on Tibetan Plateau (TP) grassland using NDVI time series from the Landsat-5, -7 and -8 satellites. PFSs were greener than EFSs (GAI > 1) in warm and dry areas, and EFSs were greener than PFSs (GAI < 1) in cold and wet areas. We also detected a stronger greening trend (0.0040 vs 0.0034 y−1) and a higher sensitivity of NDVI to temperature (0.031 vs 0.026 °C−1) on PFSs than EFSs, leading to a significant positive trend in GAI (0.00065 y−1, P < 0.01) in the TP from 1991 to 2020. Our results suggest that global warming exacerbated the greenness asymmetry associated with the slope orientation: PFSs are more sensitive to warming and have been greening at a faster rate than EFSs. The gradient of EFSs and PFSs provided a “natural laboratory” to study interaction of water and temperature limitations on vegetation growth. Our study is the first to detect the effect of aspect on the greening trend in the TP. Future research needs to clarify the full biotic and abiotic determinants for this spatial and temporal asymmetry of greenness across aspects with the support of extensive field measurements and refined high-resolution NDVI products.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
2024
2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Preprint
info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion
format article
status_str submittedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/350832
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/350832
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//TED2021-132627B-I00
The underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at 10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109698
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109698
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812429

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