The role of turbulence in high-mass star formation: Subsonic and transonic turbulence are ubiquitously found at early stages

[Context] Traditionally, supersonic turbulence is considered to be one of the most likely mechanisms slowing the gravitational collapse in dense clumps, thereby enabling the formation of massive stars. However, several recent studies have raised differing points of view based on observations carried...

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Autores: Wang, Chao, Wang, Ke, Xu, Feng-Wei, Sanhueza, Patricio, Liu, Hauyu Baobab, Zhang, Qizhou, Lu, Xing, Fontani, Francesco, Caselli, Paola, Busquet, Gemma, Tan, Jonathan C., Li, Di, Jackson, James M., Pillai, Thushara G. S., Ho, Paul, Guzmán, Andrés E., Yue, Nannan
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Recursos:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/358102
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/358102
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Stars: formation
Radio lines: ISM
Turbulence
ISM: kinematics and dynamics
Submillimeter: ISM
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spelling The role of turbulence in high-mass star formation: Subsonic and transonic turbulence are ubiquitously found at early stagesWang, ChaoWang, KeXu, Feng-WeiSanhueza, PatricioLiu, Hauyu BaobabZhang, QizhouLu, XingFontani, FrancescoCaselli, PaolaBusquet, GemmaTan, Jonathan C.Li, DiJackson, James M.Pillai, Thushara G. S.Ho, PaulGuzmán, Andrés E.Yue, NannanStars: formationRadio lines: ISMTurbulenceISM: kinematics and dynamicsSubmillimeter: ISM[Context] Traditionally, supersonic turbulence is considered to be one of the most likely mechanisms slowing the gravitational collapse in dense clumps, thereby enabling the formation of massive stars. However, several recent studies have raised differing points of view based on observations carried out with sufficiently high spatial and spectral resolution. These studies call for a re-evaluation of the role turbulence plays in massive star-forming regions.[Aims] Our aim is to study the gas properties, especially the turbulence, in a sample of massive star-forming regions with sufficient spatial and spectral resolution, which can both resolve the core fragmentation and the thermal line width.[Methods] We observed NH3 metastable lines with the Very Large Array (VLA) to assess the intrinsic turbulence.[Results] Analysis of the turbulence distribution histogram for 32 identified NH3 cores reveals the presence of three distinct components. Furthermore, our results suggest that (1) sub- and transonic turbulence is a prevalent (21 of 32) feature of massive star-forming regions and those cold regions are at early evolutionary stage. This investigation indicates that turbulence alone is insufficient to provide the necessary internal pressure required for massive star formation, necessitating further exploration of alternative candidates; and (2) studies of seven multi-core systems indicate that the cores within each system mainly share similar gas properties and masses. However, two of the systems are characterized by the presence of exceptionally cold and dense cores that are situated at the spatial center of each system. Our findings support the hub-filament model as an explanation for this observed distribution.We acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation of China (11973013, 12033005), the China Manned Space Project (CMS-CSST-2021-A09), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFA1603102, 2019YFA0405100), and the High-Performance Computing Platform of Peking University. PS was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI Number JP22H01271 and JP23H01221) of JSPS. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. D.L. is supported by NSFC grant No. 11988101. F.W.X. acknowledges the support by NSFC through grant no. 12033005. H.B.L. is supported by the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) of Taiwan (Grant Nos. 111-2112-M-110-022-MY3). G.B. acknowledges support from the PID2020-117710GB-I00 grant funded by MCIN/ AEI /10.13039/501100011033.Peer reviewedEDP SciencesNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Key Research and Development Program (China)National Science Foundation (US)National Science and Technology Council (Taiwan)Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)202420242024info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/358102reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-117710GB-I00https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347024Noinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3581022026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The role of turbulence in high-mass star formation: Subsonic and transonic turbulence are ubiquitously found at early stages
title The role of turbulence in high-mass star formation: Subsonic and transonic turbulence are ubiquitously found at early stages
spellingShingle The role of turbulence in high-mass star formation: Subsonic and transonic turbulence are ubiquitously found at early stages
Wang, Chao
Stars: formation
Radio lines: ISM
Turbulence
ISM: kinematics and dynamics
Submillimeter: ISM
title_short The role of turbulence in high-mass star formation: Subsonic and transonic turbulence are ubiquitously found at early stages
title_full The role of turbulence in high-mass star formation: Subsonic and transonic turbulence are ubiquitously found at early stages
title_fullStr The role of turbulence in high-mass star formation: Subsonic and transonic turbulence are ubiquitously found at early stages
title_full_unstemmed The role of turbulence in high-mass star formation: Subsonic and transonic turbulence are ubiquitously found at early stages
title_sort The role of turbulence in high-mass star formation: Subsonic and transonic turbulence are ubiquitously found at early stages
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Wang, Chao
Wang, Ke
Xu, Feng-Wei
Sanhueza, Patricio
Liu, Hauyu Baobab
Zhang, Qizhou
Lu, Xing
Fontani, Francesco
Caselli, Paola
Busquet, Gemma
Tan, Jonathan C.
Li, Di
Jackson, James M.
Pillai, Thushara G. S.
Ho, Paul
Guzmán, Andrés E.
Yue, Nannan
author Wang, Chao
author_facet Wang, Chao
Wang, Ke
Xu, Feng-Wei
Sanhueza, Patricio
Liu, Hauyu Baobab
Zhang, Qizhou
Lu, Xing
Fontani, Francesco
Caselli, Paola
Busquet, Gemma
Tan, Jonathan C.
Li, Di
Jackson, James M.
Pillai, Thushara G. S.
Ho, Paul
Guzmán, Andrés E.
Yue, Nannan
author_role author
author2 Wang, Ke
Xu, Feng-Wei
Sanhueza, Patricio
Liu, Hauyu Baobab
Zhang, Qizhou
Lu, Xing
Fontani, Francesco
Caselli, Paola
Busquet, Gemma
Tan, Jonathan C.
Li, Di
Jackson, James M.
Pillai, Thushara G. S.
Ho, Paul
Guzmán, Andrés E.
Yue, Nannan
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv National Natural Science Foundation of China
National Key Research and Development Program (China)
National Science Foundation (US)
National Science and Technology Council (Taiwan)
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Stars: formation
Radio lines: ISM
Turbulence
ISM: kinematics and dynamics
Submillimeter: ISM
topic Stars: formation
Radio lines: ISM
Turbulence
ISM: kinematics and dynamics
Submillimeter: ISM
description [Context] Traditionally, supersonic turbulence is considered to be one of the most likely mechanisms slowing the gravitational collapse in dense clumps, thereby enabling the formation of massive stars. However, several recent studies have raised differing points of view based on observations carried out with sufficiently high spatial and spectral resolution. These studies call for a re-evaluation of the role turbulence plays in massive star-forming regions.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2024
2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/358102
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/358102
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-117710GB-I00
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347024
No
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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