Novel Filter-Based Excitation Method for Pulse Compression in Ultrasonic Sensory Systems

Location-based services (LBSs) and positioning systems have spread worldwide due to the emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) and other application domains that require real-time estimation of the position of a person, tag, or asset in general in order to provide users with services and apps with ad...

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Autores: Cortés Sánchez-Migallón, Álvaro, Pérez Rubio, María del Carmen|||0000-0001-8271-6843, Hernández Alonso, Álvaro|||0000-0001-9308-8133
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)
Repositorio:e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ebuah.uah.es:10017/67681
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10017/67681
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s26010099
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Ultrasonic sensory systems
Encoding techniques
Multi-carrier modulation
Electrónica
Electronics
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spelling Novel Filter-Based Excitation Method for Pulse Compression in Ultrasonic Sensory SystemsCortés Sánchez-Migallón, ÁlvaroPérez Rubio, María del Carmen|||0000-0001-8271-6843Hernández Alonso, Álvaro|||0000-0001-9308-8133Ultrasonic sensory systemsEncoding techniquesMulti-carrier modulationElectrónicaElectronicsLocation-based services (LBSs) and positioning systems have spread worldwide due to the emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) and other application domains that require real-time estimation of the position of a person, tag, or asset in general in order to provide users with services and apps with added value. Whereas Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) are well-established solutions outdoors, positioning is still an open challenge indoors, where different sensory technologies may be considered for that purpose, such as radio frequency, infrared, or ultrasounds, among others. With regard to ultrasonic systems, previous works have already developed indoor positioning systems capable of achieving accuracies in the range of centimeters but limited to a few square meters of coverage and severely affected by the Doppler effect coming from moving targets, which significantly degrades the overall positioning performance. Furthermore, the actual bandwidth available in commercial transducers often constrains the ultrasonic transmission, thus reducing the position accuracy as well. In this context, this work proposes a novel excitation and processing method for an ultrasonic positioning system, which significantly improves the transmission capabilities between an emitter and a receiver. The proposal employs a superheterodyne approach, enabling simultaneous transmission and reception of signals across multiple channels. It also adapts the bandwidths and central frequencies of the transmitted signals to the specific bandwidth characteristics of available transducers, thus optimizing the system performance. Binary spread spectrum sequences are utilized within a multicarrier modulation framework to ensure robust signal transmission. The ultrasonic signals received are then processed using filter banks and matched filtering techniques to determine the Time Differences of Arrival (TDoA) for every transmission, which are subsequently used to estimate the target position. The proposal has been modeled and successfully validated using a digital twin. Furthermore, experimental tests on the prototype have also been conducted to evaluate the system’s performance in real scenarios, comparing it against classical approaches in terms of ranging distance, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or multipath effects. Experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed narrowband scheme reliably operates at distances up to 40 m, compared to the 34 m limit of conventional wideband approaches. Ranging errors remain below 3 cm at 40 m, whereas the wideband scheme exhibits errors exceeding 8 cm. Furthermore, simulation results show that the narrowband scheme maintains stable operation at SNR as low as −32 dB, whereas the wideband one only achieves up to −17 dB, highlighting the significant performance advantages of the proposed approach in both experimental and simulated scenarios.MDPI20252025-12-23journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501NAhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10017/67681https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s26010099reponame:e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcaláinstname:Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:ebuah.uah.es:10017/676812026-06-18T11:13:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Novel Filter-Based Excitation Method for Pulse Compression in Ultrasonic Sensory Systems
title Novel Filter-Based Excitation Method for Pulse Compression in Ultrasonic Sensory Systems
spellingShingle Novel Filter-Based Excitation Method for Pulse Compression in Ultrasonic Sensory Systems
Cortés Sánchez-Migallón, Álvaro
Ultrasonic sensory systems
Encoding techniques
Multi-carrier modulation
Electrónica
Electronics
title_short Novel Filter-Based Excitation Method for Pulse Compression in Ultrasonic Sensory Systems
title_full Novel Filter-Based Excitation Method for Pulse Compression in Ultrasonic Sensory Systems
title_fullStr Novel Filter-Based Excitation Method for Pulse Compression in Ultrasonic Sensory Systems
title_full_unstemmed Novel Filter-Based Excitation Method for Pulse Compression in Ultrasonic Sensory Systems
title_sort Novel Filter-Based Excitation Method for Pulse Compression in Ultrasonic Sensory Systems
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Cortés Sánchez-Migallón, Álvaro
Pérez Rubio, María del Carmen|||0000-0001-8271-6843
Hernández Alonso, Álvaro|||0000-0001-9308-8133
author Cortés Sánchez-Migallón, Álvaro
author_facet Cortés Sánchez-Migallón, Álvaro
Pérez Rubio, María del Carmen|||0000-0001-8271-6843
Hernández Alonso, Álvaro|||0000-0001-9308-8133
author_role author
author2 Pérez Rubio, María del Carmen|||0000-0001-8271-6843
Hernández Alonso, Álvaro|||0000-0001-9308-8133
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Ultrasonic sensory systems
Encoding techniques
Multi-carrier modulation
Electrónica
Electronics
topic Ultrasonic sensory systems
Encoding techniques
Multi-carrier modulation
Electrónica
Electronics
description Location-based services (LBSs) and positioning systems have spread worldwide due to the emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) and other application domains that require real-time estimation of the position of a person, tag, or asset in general in order to provide users with services and apps with added value. Whereas Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) are well-established solutions outdoors, positioning is still an open challenge indoors, where different sensory technologies may be considered for that purpose, such as radio frequency, infrared, or ultrasounds, among others. With regard to ultrasonic systems, previous works have already developed indoor positioning systems capable of achieving accuracies in the range of centimeters but limited to a few square meters of coverage and severely affected by the Doppler effect coming from moving targets, which significantly degrades the overall positioning performance. Furthermore, the actual bandwidth available in commercial transducers often constrains the ultrasonic transmission, thus reducing the position accuracy as well. In this context, this work proposes a novel excitation and processing method for an ultrasonic positioning system, which significantly improves the transmission capabilities between an emitter and a receiver. The proposal employs a superheterodyne approach, enabling simultaneous transmission and reception of signals across multiple channels. It also adapts the bandwidths and central frequencies of the transmitted signals to the specific bandwidth characteristics of available transducers, thus optimizing the system performance. Binary spread spectrum sequences are utilized within a multicarrier modulation framework to ensure robust signal transmission. The ultrasonic signals received are then processed using filter banks and matched filtering techniques to determine the Time Differences of Arrival (TDoA) for every transmission, which are subsequently used to estimate the target position. The proposal has been modeled and successfully validated using a digital twin. Furthermore, experimental tests on the prototype have also been conducted to evaluate the system’s performance in real scenarios, comparing it against classical approaches in terms of ranging distance, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or multipath effects. Experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed narrowband scheme reliably operates at distances up to 40 m, compared to the 34 m limit of conventional wideband approaches. Ranging errors remain below 3 cm at 40 m, whereas the wideband scheme exhibits errors exceeding 8 cm. Furthermore, simulation results show that the narrowband scheme maintains stable operation at SNR as low as −32 dB, whereas the wideband one only achieves up to −17 dB, highlighting the significant performance advantages of the proposed approach in both experimental and simulated scenarios.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025-12-23
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
NA
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10017/67681
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s26010099
url http://hdl.handle.net/10017/67681
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s26010099
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá
instname:Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)
instname_str Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)
reponame_str e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá
collection e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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