Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Olive Mill Wastewater for Sustainable Soil Remediation

This article belongs to the Section Environmental Nanoscience and Nanotechnology.

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Gil-Díaz, Mar, Mancho, Carolina, Pérez Martín, Rosa Ana, Alonso, Juan, Díez Pascual, Sergio, Albero Romano, María Beatriz, Lobo Bedmar, M. Carmen
Tipo de documento: artigo
Estado:Versão publicada
Data de publicação:2026
País:España
Recursos:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositório:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/417097
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/417097
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Metal(loid)s
PCBs
TCPP
Soil pollution
Circular Economy
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spelling Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Olive Mill Wastewater for Sustainable Soil RemediationGil-Díaz, MarMancho, CarolinaPérez Martín, Rosa AnaAlonso, JuanDíez Pascual, SergioAlbero Romano, María BeatrizLobo Bedmar, M. CarmenMetal(loid)sPCBsTCPPSoil pollutionCircular EconomyThis article belongs to the Section Environmental Nanoscience and Nanotechnology.There is an urgent need to develop sustainable approaches for the remediation of contaminated soil as well as to promote sustainable practices for waste management. Here, we provide the first evaluation of the performance of two types of iron nanoparticles (NA and NH) obtained from olive mill wastewater for the remediation of an acidic multi-contaminated soil, including metal(loid)s, PCBs, and a flame retardant (TCPP). Their efficiency was then compared against that of a commercial nanoscale zero-valent iron (NS) through a one-month microcosm experiment employing two doses of each nanomaterial. The impact of the treatments on key soil physicochemical properties, metal(loid) availability, PCB and TCPP concentrations, and soil phytotoxicity was assessed. All treatments reduced soil acidity. Regarding organic contaminants, bioremediation of TCPP was enhanced by all nanomaterials, particularly NH, whereas NA was the only treatment that significantly reduced PCB concentration under the tested conditions. NS achieved the highest rates of metal(loid) immobilization (63–100%); NH was most beneficial for soil fertility and immobilized As, Ni, and Pb (100, 38, and 53%, respectively), whereas NA was only effective for Pb (21–49%). The low dose of both NA and NH improved the germination index (66 and 61%, respectively), reducing soil phytotoxicity. These results highlight the potential of valorizing olive mill wastewater for soil remediation, thereby contributing to the principles of the Circular Economy.This work was supported by Projects PID2023-149788OB-C2 (METASOIL, funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ERDF, EU), TEC-2024/ECO-69 (CARESOIL-CM, funded by Comunidad de Madrid), and FP24-RECUPERA funded by IMIDRA.Peer reviewedMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing InstituteAgencia Estatal de Investigación (España)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Comunidad de MadridGil-Díaz, Mar [0000-0001-9274-6368]Mancho, Carolina [0000-0002-4560-9827]Pérez Martín, Rosa Ana [0000-0001-8076-9167]Alonso, Juan [0000-0002-9685-7070]Díez Pascual, Sergio [0000-0002-2849-1871]Albero Romano, María Beatriz [0000-0002-6470-5232]Lobo Bedmar, M. Carmen [0000-0001-5005-7644]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2026202620262026info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/417097reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2023-149788OB-C22TEC-2024/ECO-69/CARESOIL-CMThe underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16020118https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16020118Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/4170972026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Olive Mill Wastewater for Sustainable Soil Remediation
title Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Olive Mill Wastewater for Sustainable Soil Remediation
spellingShingle Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Olive Mill Wastewater for Sustainable Soil Remediation
Gil-Díaz, Mar
Metal(loid)s
PCBs
TCPP
Soil pollution
Circular Economy
title_short Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Olive Mill Wastewater for Sustainable Soil Remediation
title_full Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Olive Mill Wastewater for Sustainable Soil Remediation
title_fullStr Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Olive Mill Wastewater for Sustainable Soil Remediation
title_full_unstemmed Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Olive Mill Wastewater for Sustainable Soil Remediation
title_sort Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Olive Mill Wastewater for Sustainable Soil Remediation
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Gil-Díaz, Mar
Mancho, Carolina
Pérez Martín, Rosa Ana
Alonso, Juan
Díez Pascual, Sergio
Albero Romano, María Beatriz
Lobo Bedmar, M. Carmen
author Gil-Díaz, Mar
author_facet Gil-Díaz, Mar
Mancho, Carolina
Pérez Martín, Rosa Ana
Alonso, Juan
Díez Pascual, Sergio
Albero Romano, María Beatriz
Lobo Bedmar, M. Carmen
author_role author
author2 Mancho, Carolina
Pérez Martín, Rosa Ana
Alonso, Juan
Díez Pascual, Sergio
Albero Romano, María Beatriz
Lobo Bedmar, M. Carmen
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Comunidad de Madrid
Gil-Díaz, Mar [0000-0001-9274-6368]
Mancho, Carolina [0000-0002-4560-9827]
Pérez Martín, Rosa Ana [0000-0001-8076-9167]
Alonso, Juan [0000-0002-9685-7070]
Díez Pascual, Sergio [0000-0002-2849-1871]
Albero Romano, María Beatriz [0000-0002-6470-5232]
Lobo Bedmar, M. Carmen [0000-0001-5005-7644]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Metal(loid)s
PCBs
TCPP
Soil pollution
Circular Economy
topic Metal(loid)s
PCBs
TCPP
Soil pollution
Circular Economy
description This article belongs to the Section Environmental Nanoscience and Nanotechnology.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/417097
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/417097
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2023-149788OB-C22
TEC-2024/ECO-69/CARESOIL-CM
The underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16020118
https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16020118
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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