Last Mile Drone Delivery: Complexity and Research Challenges

[EN] Drones or unmanned aerial vehicles technologies are experiencing a fast development pace propelled by a number of applications in diverse areas such as environmental monitoring, surveillance, military, smart cities, etc. In particular, the use of drones in smart city logistics is becoming incre...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Xhafa, Fatos, Dominguez, Cristian, Juan, Angel A.|||0000-0003-1392-1776
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
Repositorio:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:riunet______::885c37004f330da6af34fc59ee8eacb8
Acceso en línea:https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/235255
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Last mile delivery
Drone routing problem
Heuristic solutions
Mixed integer linear programming
Multi-objective optimization
Descripción
Sumario:[EN] Drones or unmanned aerial vehicles technologies are experiencing a fast development pace propelled by a number of applications in diverse areas such as environmental monitoring, surveillance, military, smart cities, etc. In particular, the use of drones in smart city logistics is becoming increasingly relevant to the services of transporting small goods in urban neighborhoods. Hereby, a real life use case is the last mile delivery, which consists in completing the final phase of product delivery process from a truck to the customer's house. Prior to last mile delivery, products are shipped in a truck from a distribution center to a location in a city, which becomes the starting point of the last mile delivery. A key issue in last mile delivery is the drone route planning in order to guarantee the correct and efficient delivery service. Although the drone route planning in last mile delivery shares similar requirements with route planning in other delivery systems, there are complexities and challenges due to new requirements specific to drones such as limited flying distance, product weights, energy consumption, fleet costs, etc. In this paper, we analyze the complexity and research challenges of drone route planning in last mile drone delivery. The limitations of exact optimization methods versus heuristic methods are also highlighted through Gurobi solver results. The paper contributes to understanding the complex multi-objective nature of the drone routing in last mile delivery.