The genetic demographic history of the last hunter-gatherer population of the Himalayas

Nepal, largely covered by the Himalayan mountains, hosts indigenous populations with distinct linguistic, cultural, and genetic characteristics. Among these populations, the Raute, Nepal's last nomadic hunter-gatherers, offer a unique insight into the genetic and demographic history of Hima...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Derkx, Inez, Ceballos, Francisco, Biagini, Simone Andrea, 1983-, Subedi, Sudarshan, Rajbhandari, Prajwal, Gyawali, Anita, Bosch Fusté, Elena, Vinicius, Lucio, Migliano, Andrea Bamberg
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/69683
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/69683
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80156-0
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Hunter-gatherers
Nepal
Population genetics
Raute
Runs of homozygosity
id ES_3aa12beea7807cf756d2e485d23d723c
oai_identifier_str oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/69683
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
spelling The genetic demographic history of the last hunter-gatherer population of the HimalayasDerkx, InezCeballos, FranciscoBiagini, Simone Andrea, 1983-Subedi, SudarshanRajbhandari, PrajwalGyawali, AnitaBosch Fusté, ElenaVinicius, LucioMigliano, Andrea BambergHunter-gatherersNepalPopulation geneticsRauteRuns of homozygosityNepal, largely covered by the Himalayan mountains, hosts indigenous populations with distinct linguistic, cultural, and genetic characteristics. Among these populations, the Raute, Nepal's last nomadic hunter-gatherers, offer a unique insight into the genetic and demographic history of Himalayan foragers. Despite strong cultural connections to other regional foragers, the genetic history of this population remains understudied. This study presents newly genotyped genome-wide SNP data of the Raute to explore their genetic isolation, their origins and potential as an older foraging lineage, and their genetic connections to other regional foragers. Our results show that high levels of inbreeding in the Raute indicate recent genetic isolation. Effective population size estimates suggest a dramatic population decline around 50 generations ago. Strong genetic similarity to Nepalese populations of various subsistence styles highlights a dynamic history of genetic interactions prior to isolation, with particular closeness to historical foragers like the Kusunda and Tharu, but excludes an ancient foraging lineage origin. The study underscores the complexity of human population dynamics in the Himalayas, suggesting a history of extensive interaction between foragers and farmers, followed by isolation and demographic decline among the Raute.ABM received funding by a SERI-funded ERC Consolidator Grant (“COLLABORO” Grant MB22.00059 SERI-Uni ZH). ID was funded by the Schultz Foundation (A. H. Schultz-Stiftung zur Förderung primatologischer Forschung am anthropologischen Institut der Universität Zürich), Switzerland; the Graduate Campus, University of Zurich, Switzerland; and the Leakey Foundation. EB is supported by PID2023-147621NB-I00 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. We also want to deeply thank the whole Raute community for their participation in this research, the Karnali provincial government of Nepal for their involvement in our research, Lal Bahadur Chetri for his support throughout the entire data collection process, and all other individuals who shared their thoughts in the many discussions around our findings.Nature Research202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/69683http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80156-0reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPFinstname:Universitat Pompeu FabraInglésSci Rep. 2025 Jan 9;15(1):1505info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/3PE/PID2023-147621NB-I00© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/696832026-06-12T07:21:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The genetic demographic history of the last hunter-gatherer population of the Himalayas
title The genetic demographic history of the last hunter-gatherer population of the Himalayas
spellingShingle The genetic demographic history of the last hunter-gatherer population of the Himalayas
Derkx, Inez
Hunter-gatherers
Nepal
Population genetics
Raute
Runs of homozygosity
title_short The genetic demographic history of the last hunter-gatherer population of the Himalayas
title_full The genetic demographic history of the last hunter-gatherer population of the Himalayas
title_fullStr The genetic demographic history of the last hunter-gatherer population of the Himalayas
title_full_unstemmed The genetic demographic history of the last hunter-gatherer population of the Himalayas
title_sort The genetic demographic history of the last hunter-gatherer population of the Himalayas
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Derkx, Inez
Ceballos, Francisco
Biagini, Simone Andrea, 1983-
Subedi, Sudarshan
Rajbhandari, Prajwal
Gyawali, Anita
Bosch Fusté, Elena
Vinicius, Lucio
Migliano, Andrea Bamberg
author Derkx, Inez
author_facet Derkx, Inez
Ceballos, Francisco
Biagini, Simone Andrea, 1983-
Subedi, Sudarshan
Rajbhandari, Prajwal
Gyawali, Anita
Bosch Fusté, Elena
Vinicius, Lucio
Migliano, Andrea Bamberg
author_role author
author2 Ceballos, Francisco
Biagini, Simone Andrea, 1983-
Subedi, Sudarshan
Rajbhandari, Prajwal
Gyawali, Anita
Bosch Fusté, Elena
Vinicius, Lucio
Migliano, Andrea Bamberg
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Hunter-gatherers
Nepal
Population genetics
Raute
Runs of homozygosity
topic Hunter-gatherers
Nepal
Population genetics
Raute
Runs of homozygosity
description Nepal, largely covered by the Himalayan mountains, hosts indigenous populations with distinct linguistic, cultural, and genetic characteristics. Among these populations, the Raute, Nepal's last nomadic hunter-gatherers, offer a unique insight into the genetic and demographic history of Himalayan foragers. Despite strong cultural connections to other regional foragers, the genetic history of this population remains understudied. This study presents newly genotyped genome-wide SNP data of the Raute to explore their genetic isolation, their origins and potential as an older foraging lineage, and their genetic connections to other regional foragers. Our results show that high levels of inbreeding in the Raute indicate recent genetic isolation. Effective population size estimates suggest a dramatic population decline around 50 generations ago. Strong genetic similarity to Nepalese populations of various subsistence styles highlights a dynamic history of genetic interactions prior to isolation, with particular closeness to historical foragers like the Kusunda and Tharu, but excludes an ancient foraging lineage origin. The study underscores the complexity of human population dynamics in the Himalayas, suggesting a history of extensive interaction between foragers and farmers, followed by isolation and demographic decline among the Raute.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10230/69683
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80156-0
url http://hdl.handle.net/10230/69683
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80156-0
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 9;15(1):1505
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/3PE/PID2023-147621NB-I00
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Research
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Research
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
instname:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
instname_str Universitat Pompeu Fabra
reponame_str Repositorio Digital de la UPF
collection Repositorio Digital de la UPF
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869406248298872832
score 15,811543

Similares en LA Referencia