Economic impact of treatment-resistant depression: A retrospective observational study

Background: To determine the incidence of Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) in Spain and to estimate its economic burden, using real world data. Methods: A retrospective, observational-study was carried out using data from the BIG-PAC database (R). Patients aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of maj...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Perez-Sola, Victor, Roca, Miquel, Alonso, Jordi, Gabilondo, Andrea, Hernando, Teresa, Sicras-Mainar, Antoni, Sicras-Navarro, Aram, Herrera, Berta, Vieta, Eduard
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
Repositorio:Repisalud
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/23186
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/23186
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Treatment-resistant depression
Major depressive disorder
Incidence
Economic burden
Costos de la Atención en Salud
Trastorno Depresivo Resistente al Tratamiento
Trastorno Depresivo Mayor
Humanos
Persona de Mediana Edad
Depresión
Femenino
Estudios Retrospectivos
Adulto
Adolescente
Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant
Depressive Disorder, Major
Adult
Female
Humans
Depression
Adolescent
Middle Aged
Health Care Costs
Retrospective Studies
Descripción
Sumario:Background: To determine the incidence of Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) in Spain and to estimate its economic burden, using real world data. Methods: A retrospective, observational-study was carried out using data from the BIG-PAC database (R). Patients aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of major depressive-disorder (MDD) who initiated a new antidepressant treatment in 2015-2017 were included. The patients were classified as TRD and non-TRD. Patients were classified as TRD if they had, during the first year of antidepressant treatment: a) failure with ≥ 2 antidepressants including the prescription of ≥ 3 antidepressants (N06A) or ≥ 2 antidepressant and ≥ 1 antipsychotic (N05A; including lithium) b) antidepressants administered for ≥ 4 weeks each, and c) the time between the end of one treatment and the initiation of the next was ≤ 90 days. Inherent limitations of data collection from databases should also be considered in this analysis (e.g., lack of information about adherence to treatment). Follow-up period: 18 months. The incidence rate was calculated as the number of TRD patients per 1,000 persons-year divided by the population attended. Outcomes: direct healthcare and indirect costs. Two sensitivity analyses were performed varying the index date and the period used to define TRD patients (6 vs.12 months). Results: 21,630 patients with MDD aged ≥ 18 years (mean age: 53.2 years; female: 67.2%) were analyzed, of whom 3,559 met TRD criteria, yielding a 3-year cumulative incidence of 16.5% (95%CI: 16%-17%) among MDD patients. The annual population incidence rate of TRD in 2015-2017, was 0.59, 1.02 and 1.18/1,000 personyears, respectively (mean: 0.93/1,000 person-year). Overall, mean total costs per MDD patient were €4,147.9, being higher for TRD than for non-TRD patients (€6,096 vs. €3,846; p<0.001): a) direct costs (€1,341 vs. €624; p<0.001), b) lost productivity (€1,274 vs. €821; p<0.001) and c) permanent disability (€3,481 vs. €2,401; p<0.001, adjusted). Sensitivity analyses showed no differences with the reported results. Conclusions: The population based TRD incidence in Spain was similar to recent data from other European countries. TRD is associated with greater resource use and higher costs compared with non-TRD patients.