PDO certification and profitability in Spanish olive oil: a firm-level analysis

In an increasingly competitive global market, Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) quality schemes serve as vital strategic tools for product differentiation and regional economic sustainability. This study examines the impact of PDO certification on firm profitability by analyzing a unique panel d...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Solé Puiggené, Sònia, Moreno Gené, Jordi, Gallizo Larraz, José Luis
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2026
Country:España
Institution:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repository:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:recercat____::8f9abe216d576665d6afcce660d0aedb
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40100-026-00473-y
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/470085
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:PDO certification
Olive oil industry
Firm profitability
Description
Summary:In an increasingly competitive global market, Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) quality schemes serve as vital strategic tools for product differentiation and regional economic sustainability. This study examines the impact of PDO certification on firm profitability by analyzing a unique panel dataset of 202 Spanish olive oil mills over the 2014–2022 period. Using the DuPont model and a random-effects regression, the analysis investigates how these quality labels influence financial performance and whether this effect varies according to firm size. The results show that PDO certification does not universally improve profitability; its benefits are most significant for smaller mills that leverage the label to achieve premium pricing and enhance consumer trust. Conversely, the positive effects diminish when certification is used primarily for volume-based competition without a clear quality signaling strategy. These findings provide critical insights for mill managers and regulatory councils, suggesting that the economic value of a PDO depends on its integration into a coherent, quality-focused marketing strategy. Furthermore, the results inform policymakers on the effectiveness of quality schemes as instruments for the economic sustainability of small-scale producers within rural development and Common Agricultural Policy frameworks.