Case report: Management of pediatric gigantism caused by the TADopathy, X-linked acrogigantism

X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) is a rare form of pituitary gigantism that is associated with growth hormone (GH) and prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas/pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) that develop in infancy. It is caused by a duplication on chromosome Xq26.3 that leads to the misexpre...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Caruso, Manuela, Mazzatenta, Diego, Asioli, Sofia, Costanza, Giuseppe, Trivellin, Giampaolo, Franke, Martin, Abboud, Dayana, Hanson, Julien, Raverot, Véronique, Petrossians, Patrick, Beckers, Albert, Cappa, Marco, Daly, Adrian F.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/365108
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/365108
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Gigantism
Pituitary tumor
GPR101
Topologically associating domain (TAD)
Somatostatin analog
Descripción
Sumario:X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) is a rare form of pituitary gigantism that is associated with growth hormone (GH) and prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas/pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) that develop in infancy. It is caused by a duplication on chromosome Xq26.3 that leads to the misexpression of the gene GPR101, a constitutively active stimulator of pituitary GH and prolactin secretion. GPR101 normally exists within its own topologically associating domain (TAD) and is insulated from surrounding regulatory elements. X-LAG is a TADopathy in which the duplication disrupts a conserved TAD border, leading to a neo-TAD in which ectopic enhancers drive GPR101 over-expression, thus causing gigantism. Here we trace the full diagnostic and therapeutic pathway of a female patient with X-LAG from 4C-seq studies demonstrating the neo-TAD through medical and surgical interventions and detailed tumor histopathology. The complex nature of treating young children with X-LAG is illustrated, including the achievement of hormonal control using a combination of neurosurgery and adult doses of first-generation somatostatin analogs.