LA TRANSFORMACIÓN DEL TIMBRE DEL PIANO: DESDE SU EVOLUCIÓN MECÁNICA HASTA LAS TÉCNICAS EXTENDIDAS, MEDIANTE ELEMENTOS INTERNOS, EXTERNOS Y ELECTRÓNICOS
[EN] SUMMARY (English) THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE TIMBRE OF PIANO: SINCE ITS MECHANICAL EVOLUTION TO EXTENDED TECHNIQUES, THROUGH INTERNAL, EXTERNAL AND ELECTRONIC ELEMENTS. This research deals with the study of piano timbre throughout its historical evolution from organological, artistic, social and...
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| Format: | doctoral thesis |
| Publication Date: | 2016 |
| Country: | España |
| Institution: | Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) |
| Repository: | RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia |
| Language: | Spanish |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/63260 |
| Online Access: | https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/63260 |
| Access Level: | Open access |
| Keyword: | Piano Timbre Técnicas extendidas Espectralismo Música electroacústica. ESCULTURA |
| Summary: | [EN] SUMMARY (English) THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE TIMBRE OF PIANO: SINCE ITS MECHANICAL EVOLUTION TO EXTENDED TECHNIQUES, THROUGH INTERNAL, EXTERNAL AND ELECTRONIC ELEMENTS. This research deals with the study of piano timbre throughout its historical evolution from organological, artistic, social and technological perspectives. Since its genesis, the piano has been of interest to musicians, fans, artists, artistic movements, etc., who in one way or another have shaped the instrument and sound depending on the use and needs, identifying areas domestic, professional, creative and artistic they demanded. Considering these reasons, this thesis analyzes and explains the contexts and situations that have led to the constant changes of the instrument, both form and sound: the demand for more expressive qualities of sound and flow that originated the fortepiano; the growth of the bourgeoisie led to an expansion of the music on the piano found its means of dissemination; composers found in it a powerful tool for creating, generating a nutritious and constant relationship of mutual growth between instrument and work; the Industrial Revolution was a technological leap that made affordable the piano, bringing it closer to the homes; automation tools paved the way for record systems and reproduction of music without an performer; its peak during Romanticism led it to be subjected to hostilities by the plastic art of later centuries, as Fluxus; and the emergence of electronics and computers has created new evolutions of the instrument, giving it unlikely sonic possibilities. All these processes did not happen in a linear fashion or were subject to a single reason, but contributed to the evolution of the piano timbre, enriching its nuances and transforming through unorthodox procedures in the production of sound, such as extended techniques. This thesis describes, explores and analyzes the extended processing techniques ringer from different angles, exposing the product of his study. One goal of this research is to demonstrate, through the study of the evolution of the piano from its beginnings to the present, that unlike other orchestral instruments, processing continues and remains a source of inspiration for the development of future systems based on its philosophy and technology. Another objective is to deepen the knowledge of their timbral complexity, through its harmonic spectrum analysis and knowledge of new sonic possibilities derived from its evolution and manipulation techniques timbre. For this purpose, the methodology used in this thesis has developed both the theoretical and experimental level, from various perspectives: firstly, by the historical study of the origin and evolution of the piano as an instrument designed for use purely musical; secondly, from the analysis of noise, ringing and the evolution of the parameters in the construction of the instrument; and finally, by investigating changes in the acoustic piano through the use and experimentation with extended techniques; also considering the study of it as an art object, due to its attraction, visual and performative use exerted on contemporary art movements. In addition, a comprehensive study on the growing evolutionary path included piano, from its automation and incorporation of digital and computer systems that have served as a point of inspiration for developing new instruments (synthesizer and related devices, MIDI systems, etc.) and forms of composition related to them. |
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