Effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of one step thermally evaporated Sb2S3 thin films for photovoltaic applications

Sb2S3 films were deposited on unheated glass substrates by thermal evaporation and annealed under vacuum atmosphere for 2 hours at different temperatures. Different characterization techniques were used to better understand the behavior of the Sb2S3 material. XRD and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the...

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Authors: Gnenna, Emna, Khemiri, Naoufel, Kong, Minghua, Alonso Carmona, M. Isabel, Kanzari, Mounir
Format: article
Status:Versión aceptada para publicación
Publication Date:2021
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/254612
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/254612
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Sb2S3
Thermal evaporation
Vacuum annealing
Structural properties
Band gap energy
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spelling Effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of one step thermally evaporated Sb2S3 thin films for photovoltaic applicationsGnenna, EmnaKhemiri, NaoufelKong, MinghuaAlonso Carmona, M. IsabelKanzari, MounirSb2S3Thermal evaporationVacuum annealingStructural propertiesBand gap energySb2S3 films were deposited on unheated glass substrates by thermal evaporation and annealed under vacuum atmosphere for 2 hours at different temperatures. Different characterization techniques were used to better understand the behavior of the Sb2S3 material. XRD and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of pure Sb2S3 powder with orthorhombic lattices. The effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of the films was studied. XRD analysis revealed that as-deposited and annealed films at 150ºC were amorphous in nature whereas those annealed at T ≥ 200°C were polycrystalline. The crystallite size of the films showed a decrease from 75.8 to 62.9 nm with the increase of the annealing temperature from 200 to 250 °C. The Raman showed several peaks corresponding to the stibnite Sb2S3 phase. The surface morphology of the films was examined by AFM. The roughness decreases slightly as the transformation from the amorphous to the crystalline phase occurs. The chemical compositions of Sb2S3 films were analyzed by EDS, revealing that all films were Sb-rich. The optical parameters were estimated from the transmittance and reflectance spectra recorded by UV-Vis spectroscopy. A reduction in the band gap energy from 2.12 to 1.70 eV with the increase of annealing temperature was also found.E. Gnenna acknowledges the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research for providing a two-month internship at the ICMAB-CSIC Institute (Barcelona-Spain). N. Khemiri also thanks the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research for support through the PEJC Young Researchers Encouragement Program (Project code 19PEJC03-11). M. Kong is grateful to the UAB PhD programme in Materials Science in which she is enrolled and the China Scholarship Council for funding (CSC No. 201809370071). M.I.A. thanks the Spanish Ministry (MICINN) for support through grant CEX2019-000917-S (FUNFUTURE) and the Catalan agency AGAUR for grant 2017-SGR-00488. The Scientific and Technical Services of ICMAB are gratefully acknowledged for AFM and SEM measurements.Peer reviewedEDP SciencesChina Scholarship CouncilMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Generalitat de CatalunyaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202120212021info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Postprintinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/254612reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/CEX2019-000917-Shttp://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2021210101Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2546122026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of one step thermally evaporated Sb2S3 thin films for photovoltaic applications
title Effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of one step thermally evaporated Sb2S3 thin films for photovoltaic applications
spellingShingle Effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of one step thermally evaporated Sb2S3 thin films for photovoltaic applications
Gnenna, Emna
Sb2S3
Thermal evaporation
Vacuum annealing
Structural properties
Band gap energy
title_short Effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of one step thermally evaporated Sb2S3 thin films for photovoltaic applications
title_full Effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of one step thermally evaporated Sb2S3 thin films for photovoltaic applications
title_fullStr Effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of one step thermally evaporated Sb2S3 thin films for photovoltaic applications
title_full_unstemmed Effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of one step thermally evaporated Sb2S3 thin films for photovoltaic applications
title_sort Effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of one step thermally evaporated Sb2S3 thin films for photovoltaic applications
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Gnenna, Emna
Khemiri, Naoufel
Kong, Minghua
Alonso Carmona, M. Isabel
Kanzari, Mounir
author Gnenna, Emna
author_facet Gnenna, Emna
Khemiri, Naoufel
Kong, Minghua
Alonso Carmona, M. Isabel
Kanzari, Mounir
author_role author
author2 Khemiri, Naoufel
Kong, Minghua
Alonso Carmona, M. Isabel
Kanzari, Mounir
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv China Scholarship Council
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Generalitat de Catalunya
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Sb2S3
Thermal evaporation
Vacuum annealing
Structural properties
Band gap energy
topic Sb2S3
Thermal evaporation
Vacuum annealing
Structural properties
Band gap energy
description Sb2S3 films were deposited on unheated glass substrates by thermal evaporation and annealed under vacuum atmosphere for 2 hours at different temperatures. Different characterization techniques were used to better understand the behavior of the Sb2S3 material. XRD and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of pure Sb2S3 powder with orthorhombic lattices. The effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of the films was studied. XRD analysis revealed that as-deposited and annealed films at 150ºC were amorphous in nature whereas those annealed at T ≥ 200°C were polycrystalline. The crystallite size of the films showed a decrease from 75.8 to 62.9 nm with the increase of the annealing temperature from 200 to 250 °C. The Raman showed several peaks corresponding to the stibnite Sb2S3 phase. The surface morphology of the films was examined by AFM. The roughness decreases slightly as the transformation from the amorphous to the crystalline phase occurs. The chemical compositions of Sb2S3 films were analyzed by EDS, revealing that all films were Sb-rich. The optical parameters were estimated from the transmittance and reflectance spectra recorded by UV-Vis spectroscopy. A reduction in the band gap energy from 2.12 to 1.70 eV with the increase of annealing temperature was also found.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2021
2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Postprint
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format article
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/254612
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/254612
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/CEX2019-000917-S
http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2021210101
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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