Overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 30 476 individuals from 18 countries

Background To date, no previous meta-analysis has determined the overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms on a global scale. The aim of the present study was 2-fold: first, to establish the overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms on a global scale, assessed with the ORTO-15 questi...

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Autores: López Gil, José Francisco, Tárraga López, Pedro Juan, Hershey, María Soledad, López Bueno, Rubén, Gutiérrez Espinoza, Héctor, Soler Marín, Antonio, Fernández Montero, Alejandro, Victoria Montesinos, Desirée
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)
Repositorio:RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.ucam.edu:10952/8178
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10952/8178
Access Level:acceso abierto
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spelling Overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 30 476 individuals from 18 countriesLópez Gil, José FranciscoTárraga López, Pedro JuanHershey, María SoledadLópez Bueno, RubénGutiérrez Espinoza, HéctorSoler Marín, AntonioFernández Montero, AlejandroVictoria Montesinos, DesiréeBackground To date, no previous meta-analysis has determined the overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms on a global scale. The aim of the present study was 2-fold: first, to establish the overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms on a global scale, assessed with the ORTO-15 questionnaire; and second, to determine the role of sex, type of population, mean age, body mass index, and the temporal trend in relation to orthorexia nervosa symptoms. Methods Four databases were searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) with date limits from January 2005 to June 2023. Studies assessing the proportion of orthorexia nervosa assessed using the ORTO-15 questionnaire with a cutoff of <35 or <40 points were included in this review. Results The overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms (using the cutoff <35 points) was 27.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 23.5-31.6, I2 = 97.0%). In addition, no significant differences were observed between females (34.6%, 95% CI = 29.5-39.8, I2 = 96.1%) and males (32.1%, 95% CI = 26.5-38.1, I2 = 93.1%). According to the type of population, the highest overall proportion was found in people focused on sports performance or body composition (34.5%, 95% CI = 23.1-47.0, I2 = 98.0%). Notwithstanding, caution should be exercised in interpreting this result, as reverse causality could be a potential pitfall in this relationship. Conclusions We found that approximately three out of 10 study participants showed orthorexia nervosa symptoms according to the ORTO-15 tool. This overall proportion was higher in those participants who were athletes or fitness practitioners. Over the years, the proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms seems to be increasing. These high percentages and their increase are worrisome from a public health perspective and highlight the need to develop psychometric instruments to aid in clinical diagnosis and treatment efficacy.Ciencias de la Alimentación2023info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10952/8178reponame:RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murciainstname:Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositorio.ucam.edu:10952/81782026-06-07T18:35:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 30 476 individuals from 18 countries
title Overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 30 476 individuals from 18 countries
spellingShingle Overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 30 476 individuals from 18 countries
López Gil, José Francisco
title_short Overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 30 476 individuals from 18 countries
title_full Overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 30 476 individuals from 18 countries
title_fullStr Overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 30 476 individuals from 18 countries
title_full_unstemmed Overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 30 476 individuals from 18 countries
title_sort Overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 30 476 individuals from 18 countries
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv López Gil, José Francisco
Tárraga López, Pedro Juan
Hershey, María Soledad
López Bueno, Rubén
Gutiérrez Espinoza, Héctor
Soler Marín, Antonio
Fernández Montero, Alejandro
Victoria Montesinos, Desirée
author López Gil, José Francisco
author_facet López Gil, José Francisco
Tárraga López, Pedro Juan
Hershey, María Soledad
López Bueno, Rubén
Gutiérrez Espinoza, Héctor
Soler Marín, Antonio
Fernández Montero, Alejandro
Victoria Montesinos, Desirée
author_role author
author2 Tárraga López, Pedro Juan
Hershey, María Soledad
López Bueno, Rubén
Gutiérrez Espinoza, Héctor
Soler Marín, Antonio
Fernández Montero, Alejandro
Victoria Montesinos, Desirée
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
description Background To date, no previous meta-analysis has determined the overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms on a global scale. The aim of the present study was 2-fold: first, to establish the overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms on a global scale, assessed with the ORTO-15 questionnaire; and second, to determine the role of sex, type of population, mean age, body mass index, and the temporal trend in relation to orthorexia nervosa symptoms. Methods Four databases were searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) with date limits from January 2005 to June 2023. Studies assessing the proportion of orthorexia nervosa assessed using the ORTO-15 questionnaire with a cutoff of <35 or <40 points were included in this review. Results The overall proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms (using the cutoff <35 points) was 27.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 23.5-31.6, I2 = 97.0%). In addition, no significant differences were observed between females (34.6%, 95% CI = 29.5-39.8, I2 = 96.1%) and males (32.1%, 95% CI = 26.5-38.1, I2 = 93.1%). According to the type of population, the highest overall proportion was found in people focused on sports performance or body composition (34.5%, 95% CI = 23.1-47.0, I2 = 98.0%). Notwithstanding, caution should be exercised in interpreting this result, as reverse causality could be a potential pitfall in this relationship. Conclusions We found that approximately three out of 10 study participants showed orthorexia nervosa symptoms according to the ORTO-15 tool. This overall proportion was higher in those participants who were athletes or fitness practitioners. Over the years, the proportion of orthorexia nervosa symptoms seems to be increasing. These high percentages and their increase are worrisome from a public health perspective and highlight the need to develop psychometric instruments to aid in clinical diagnosis and treatment efficacy.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10952/8178
url http://hdl.handle.net/10952/8178
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
instname:Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)
instname_str Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)
reponame_str RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
collection RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
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