Ineffective oral immunization of wild boar with the attenuated African swine fever virus NH/P68 grown in MA104 cell line

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal hemorrhagic disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boar, with serious consequences for animal health, the swine industry, and socio-economic stability. Given the lack of effective treatments and the limited success of conventional control...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Authors: Kosowska, Aleksandra, Sánchez-Segovia, Mónica, Fernández-Pinero, Jovita, Porras, Néstor, Barroso Arévalo, Sandra, Sánchez Morales, Lidia, Díaz De Frutos, Marta, Barasona García-Arévalo, José Ángel
Format: article
Publication Date:2026
Country:España
Institution:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repository:Docta Complutense
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/130572
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/130572
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:636.09
African swine fever
Live attenuated vaccine
MA104 cell line
NH/P68
Oral immunization
Wild boar
Veterinaria
3109 Ciencias Veterinarias
id ES_2fde69b418a0c1f5c7e45dee3105dc6f
oai_identifier_str oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/130572
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
spelling Ineffective oral immunization of wild boar with the attenuated African swine fever virus NH/P68 grown in MA104 cell lineKosowska, AleksandraSánchez-Segovia, MónicaFernández-Pinero, JovitaPorras, NéstorBarroso Arévalo, SandraSánchez Morales, LidiaDíaz De Frutos, MartaBarasona García-Arévalo, José Ángel636.09African swine feverLive attenuated vaccineMA104 cell lineNH/P68Oral immunizationWild boarVeterinaria3109 Ciencias VeterinariasAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal hemorrhagic disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boar, with serious consequences for animal health, the swine industry, and socio-economic stability. Given the lack of effective treatments and the limited success of conventional control measures, live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) have emerged as the most promising option, particularly for oral administration in free-ranging wild boar. The naturally attenuated genotype I isolate NH/P68 has shown protective potential in domestic pigs but retains residual virulence and persistence risks. To increase attenuation and facilitate large-scale production, the isolate was adapted to the MA104 continuous cell line. In this study, we assessed the safety and efficacy of NH/P68-MA104 in wild boar using an oral prime-boost immunization protocol (a primary dose of 10⁴ TCID₅₀/mL followed by two booster doses of 10⁵ TCID₅₀/mL), followed by a challenge with 10 HAD₅₀/mL of the virulent genotype II Armenia07 (Arm07) isolate. Oral administration of NH/P68-MA104 was safe, with no adverse effects observed throughout the vaccination period. Only one animal developed transient viremia, which was accompanied by clinical signs and a detectable antibody response. Two additional animals showed mild viremia, while the remaining animals displayed no evidence of infection or seroconversion before the challenge. After the challenge, vaccinated wild boar were not protected: all animals developed fever, viremia, and clinical signs consistent with acute ASF and succumbed at 14 ± 3 days post-challenge (dpc), comparable to in-contact and intramuscularly (IM) infected controls. These results demonstrate that oral immunization of wild boar with NH/P68-MA104 is safe but ineffective under the tested conditions. Continued research is needed to refine vaccine candidates and delivery strategies to achieve effective immunization of wild boarElsevierUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20262026-01-0120262026-01-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501AMhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aainfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/130572reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1305722026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Ineffective oral immunization of wild boar with the attenuated African swine fever virus NH/P68 grown in MA104 cell line
title Ineffective oral immunization of wild boar with the attenuated African swine fever virus NH/P68 grown in MA104 cell line
spellingShingle Ineffective oral immunization of wild boar with the attenuated African swine fever virus NH/P68 grown in MA104 cell line
Kosowska, Aleksandra
636.09
African swine fever
Live attenuated vaccine
MA104 cell line
NH/P68
Oral immunization
Wild boar
Veterinaria
3109 Ciencias Veterinarias
title_short Ineffective oral immunization of wild boar with the attenuated African swine fever virus NH/P68 grown in MA104 cell line
title_full Ineffective oral immunization of wild boar with the attenuated African swine fever virus NH/P68 grown in MA104 cell line
title_fullStr Ineffective oral immunization of wild boar with the attenuated African swine fever virus NH/P68 grown in MA104 cell line
title_full_unstemmed Ineffective oral immunization of wild boar with the attenuated African swine fever virus NH/P68 grown in MA104 cell line
title_sort Ineffective oral immunization of wild boar with the attenuated African swine fever virus NH/P68 grown in MA104 cell line
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Kosowska, Aleksandra
Sánchez-Segovia, Mónica
Fernández-Pinero, Jovita
Porras, Néstor
Barroso Arévalo, Sandra
Sánchez Morales, Lidia
Díaz De Frutos, Marta
Barasona García-Arévalo, José Ángel
author Kosowska, Aleksandra
author_facet Kosowska, Aleksandra
Sánchez-Segovia, Mónica
Fernández-Pinero, Jovita
Porras, Néstor
Barroso Arévalo, Sandra
Sánchez Morales, Lidia
Díaz De Frutos, Marta
Barasona García-Arévalo, José Ángel
author_role author
author2 Sánchez-Segovia, Mónica
Fernández-Pinero, Jovita
Porras, Néstor
Barroso Arévalo, Sandra
Sánchez Morales, Lidia
Díaz De Frutos, Marta
Barasona García-Arévalo, José Ángel
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 636.09
African swine fever
Live attenuated vaccine
MA104 cell line
NH/P68
Oral immunization
Wild boar
Veterinaria
3109 Ciencias Veterinarias
topic 636.09
African swine fever
Live attenuated vaccine
MA104 cell line
NH/P68
Oral immunization
Wild boar
Veterinaria
3109 Ciencias Veterinarias
description African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal hemorrhagic disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boar, with serious consequences for animal health, the swine industry, and socio-economic stability. Given the lack of effective treatments and the limited success of conventional control measures, live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) have emerged as the most promising option, particularly for oral administration in free-ranging wild boar. The naturally attenuated genotype I isolate NH/P68 has shown protective potential in domestic pigs but retains residual virulence and persistence risks. To increase attenuation and facilitate large-scale production, the isolate was adapted to the MA104 continuous cell line. In this study, we assessed the safety and efficacy of NH/P68-MA104 in wild boar using an oral prime-boost immunization protocol (a primary dose of 10⁴ TCID₅₀/mL followed by two booster doses of 10⁵ TCID₅₀/mL), followed by a challenge with 10 HAD₅₀/mL of the virulent genotype II Armenia07 (Arm07) isolate. Oral administration of NH/P68-MA104 was safe, with no adverse effects observed throughout the vaccination period. Only one animal developed transient viremia, which was accompanied by clinical signs and a detectable antibody response. Two additional animals showed mild viremia, while the remaining animals displayed no evidence of infection or seroconversion before the challenge. After the challenge, vaccinated wild boar were not protected: all animals developed fever, viremia, and clinical signs consistent with acute ASF and succumbed at 14 ± 3 days post-challenge (dpc), comparable to in-contact and intramuscularly (IM) infected controls. These results demonstrate that oral immunization of wild boar with NH/P68-MA104 is safe but ineffective under the tested conditions. Continued research is needed to refine vaccine candidates and delivery strategies to achieve effective immunization of wild boar
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026-01-01
2026
2026-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
AM
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/130572
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/130572
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869405506844491776
score 15,812429

Similar Items