The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRES

A. von Stauffenberg et al.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Stauffenberg, A. von, Ribas, Ignasi, Morales, Juan Carlos, Caballero, J. A., Cifuentes, C.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/382960
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/382960
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Planetary systems
Planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability
Stars: low-mass
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRES
title The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRES
spellingShingle The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRES
Stauffenberg, A. von
Planetary systems
Planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability
Stars: low-mass
title_short The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRES
title_full The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRES
title_fullStr The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRES
title_full_unstemmed The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRES
title_sort The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRES
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Stauffenberg, A. von
Ribas, Ignasi
Morales, Juan Carlos
Caballero, J. A.
Cifuentes, C.
author Stauffenberg, A. von
author_facet Stauffenberg, A. von
Ribas, Ignasi
Morales, Juan Carlos
Caballero, J. A.
Cifuentes, C.
author_role author
author2 Ribas, Ignasi
Morales, Juan Carlos
Caballero, J. A.
Cifuentes, C.
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España)
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Generalitat de Catalunya
Bulgarian National Science Fund
NASA
European Commission
Ribas, Ignasi [0000-0002-6689-0312]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Planetary systems
Planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability
Stars: low-mass
topic Planetary systems
Planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability
Stars: low-mass
description A. von Stauffenberg et al.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2025
2025
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von Stauffenberg, A. et al.; 2024; GJ 581 RVs and activity índices [Dataset]; Centre de Donnees astronomique de Strasbourg (CDS); https://doi.org/10.26093/cds/vizier.36880112
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202449375
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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spelling The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRESStauffenberg, A. vonRibas, IgnasiMorales, Juan CarlosCaballero, J. A.Cifuentes, C.Planetary systemsPlanets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stabilityStars: low-massA. von Stauffenberg et al.Full Tables A.2, A.3, and Tables A.4, A.5 are available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr (130.79.128.5) or via https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/688/A112[Context] GJ 581 is a nearby M dwarf known to host a packed multiple planet system composed of two super-Earths and a Neptune-mass planet. We present new orbital analyses of the GJ 581 system, utilizing recent radial velocity (RV) data obtained from the CARMENES spectrograph combined with newly reprocessed archival data from the HARPS and HIRES spectrographs.[Aims] Our aim was to analyze the post-discovery spectroscopic data of GJ581, which were obtained with CARMENES. In addition, we used publicly available HIRES and HARPS spectroscopic data to seek evidence of the known and disputed exoplanets in this system. We aimed to investigate the stellar activity of GJ 581 and update the planetary system’s orbital parameters using state-of-the-art numerical models and techniques.[Methods] We performed a periodogram analysis of the available precise CARMENES, HIRES, and HARPS RVs and of stellar activity indicators. We conducted detailed orbital analyses by testing various orbital configurations consistent with the RV data. We studied the posterior probability distribution of the parameters fit to the data and we explored the long-term stability and overall orbital dynamics of the GJ 581 system.[Results] We refined the orbital parameters of the GJ 581 system using the most precise and complete set of Doppler data available. Consistent with the existing literature, our analysis confirms that the system is unequivocally composed of only three planets detectable in the present data, dismissing the putative planet GJ 581 d as an artifact of stellar activity. Our N-body fit reveals that the system’s inclination is i = 47.0−13.0+14.6 deg, which implies that the planets could be up to 30% more massive than their previously reported minimum masses. Furthermore, we report that the GJ 581 system exhibits long-term stability, as indicated by the posterior probability distribution, characterized by secular dynamical interactions without the involvement of mean motion resonances.CARMENES is an instrument at the Centro Astronómico Hispano en Andalucía (CAHA) at Calar Alto (Almería, Spain), operated jointly by the Junta de Andalucía and the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC). CARMENES was funded by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG), the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through projects FICTS-2011-02, ICTS-2017-07-CAHA-4, and CAHA16-CE-3978, and the members of the CARMENES Consortium (Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, Landessternwarte Königstuhl, Institut de Ciències de l’Espai, Institut für Astrophysik Göttingen, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Hamburger Sternwarte, Centro de Astrobiología and Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán), with additional contributions by the MINECO, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through the Major Research Instrumentation Programme and Research Unit FOR2544 “Blue Planets around Red Stars”, the Klaus Tschira Stiftung, the states of Baden-Württemberg and Niedersachsen, and by the Junta de Andalucía. We acknowledge financial support from the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI/10.13039/501100011033) of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and the ERDF “A way of making Europe” through projects PID2022-137241NB-C4[1:4],PID2021-125627OB-C31, PID2019-109522GB-C5[1:4], andthe Centre of Excellence “Severo Ochoa” and “María de Maeztu” awards to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (CEX2019-000920-S), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CEX2021-001131-S) and Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CEX2020-001058-M). This work was also funded by the Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA programme, the DFG through project no. KU 3625/2-1 of the DFG Research Unit FOR2544, the Bulgarian National Science Foundation (BNSF) program “VIHREN-2021” project no. KP-06-DV/5, and NASA under award number NNA16BD14C for NASA Academic Mission Services. We thank the anonymous referee for the excellent comments that helped to improve the quality of this work.With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excelence" accreditation (CEX2019-000920-S)With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excelence" accreditation (CEX2021-001131-S)With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2020-001058-M)Peer reviewedEDP SciencesConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España)Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Generalitat de CatalunyaBulgarian National Science FundNASAEuropean CommissionRibas, Ignasi [0000-0002-6689-0312]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202520252024info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/382960reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. 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