Multiplex antibody analysis of IgM, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and serum from infected children and their close contacts

COVID-19 affects children to a lesser extent than adults but they can still get infected and transmit SARS-CoV-2 to their contacts. Field deployable non-invasive sensitive diagnostic techniques are needed to evaluate the infectivity dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in pediatric populations and guide public he...

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Autores: Dobaño, Carlota, Alonso, Selena, Vidal, Marta, Jiménez, Alfons, Rubio, Rocío, Santano, Rebeca, Barrios, Diana, Puyol, Laura, Baró, Bàrbara, Millat-Martínez, Pere, Ajanovic, Sara, Balanza, Núria, Arias, Sara, Rodrigo Melero, Natalia, Carolis, Carlo, Bassat, Quique, Izquierdo, Luis, Aguilar, Ruth, Moncunill, Gemma
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/52818
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/52818
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.751705
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Antibody - antigen complex
Children
Plasma
Saliva
Serum
Surveillance
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spelling Multiplex antibody analysis of IgM, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and serum from infected children and their close contactsDobaño, CarlotaAlonso, SelenaVidal, MartaJiménez, AlfonsRubio, RocíoSantano, RebecaBarrios, DianaPuyol, LauraBaró, BàrbaraMillat-Martínez, PereAjanovic, SaraBalanza, NúriaArias, SaraRodrigo Melero, NataliaCarolis, CarloBassat, QuiqueIzquierdo, LuisAguilar, RuthMoncunill, GemmaCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2Antibody - antigen complexChildrenPlasmaSalivaSerumSurveillanceCOVID-19 affects children to a lesser extent than adults but they can still get infected and transmit SARS-CoV-2 to their contacts. Field deployable non-invasive sensitive diagnostic techniques are needed to evaluate the infectivity dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in pediatric populations and guide public health interventions, particularly if this population is not fully vaccinated. We evaluated the utility of high-throughput Luminex assays to quantify saliva IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies against five SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) antigens in a contacts and infectivity longitudinal study in 122 individuals (52 children and 70 adults). We compared saliva versus serum/plasma samples in infected children and adults diagnosed by weekly RT-PCR over 35 days (n=62), and those who consistently tested negative over the same follow up period (n=60), in the Summer of 2020 in Barcelona, Spain. Saliva antibody levels in SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive individuals were significantly higher than in negative individuals and correlated with those measured in sera/plasmas. Asymptomatic infected individuals had higher levels of anti-S IgG than symptomatic individuals, suggesting a protective anti-disease role for antibodies. Higher anti-S IgG and IgM levels in serum/plasma and saliva, respectively, in infected children compared to infected adults could also be related to stronger clinical immunity in them. Among infected children, males had higher levels of saliva IgG to N and RBD than females. Despite overall correlation, individual clustering analysis suggested that responses that may not be detected in blood could be patent in saliva, and vice versa. In conclusion, measurement of SARS-CoV-2-specific saliva antibodies should be considered as a complementary non-invasive assay to serum/plasma to determine COVID-19 prevalence and transmission in pediatric populations before and after vaccination campaigns.We are indebted to the Biobanc de l’Hospital Infantil Sant Joan de Déu per a la Investigació for the sample and data procurement. Some serum/plasma samples were tested against RBD protein produced in lentivirus by the P. Santamaria lab, IDIBAPS, and Jordi Chi contributed for production of N proteins (through PID2019-110810RB-I00 grant to LI).Frontiers202220222022info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/52818http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.751705reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPFinstname:Universitat Pompeu FabraInglésFront Immunol. 2022 Jan 27;13:751705info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PID2019-110810RB-I00© 2022 Dobaño, Alonso, Vidal, Jiménez, Rubio, Santano, Barrios, Pons Tomas, Melé Casas, Hernández García, Girona-Alarcón, Puyol, Baro, Millat-Martínez, Ajanovic, Balanza, Arias, Rodrigo Melero, Carolis, García-Miquel, Bonet-Carné, Claverol, Cubells, Fortuny, Fumadó, Codina, Bassat, Muñoz-Almagro, Fernández de Sevilla, Gratacós, Izquierdo, García-García, Aguilar, Jordan and Moncunill. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/528182026-06-12T07:21:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Multiplex antibody analysis of IgM, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and serum from infected children and their close contacts
title Multiplex antibody analysis of IgM, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and serum from infected children and their close contacts
spellingShingle Multiplex antibody analysis of IgM, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and serum from infected children and their close contacts
Dobaño, Carlota
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Antibody - antigen complex
Children
Plasma
Saliva
Serum
Surveillance
title_short Multiplex antibody analysis of IgM, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and serum from infected children and their close contacts
title_full Multiplex antibody analysis of IgM, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and serum from infected children and their close contacts
title_fullStr Multiplex antibody analysis of IgM, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and serum from infected children and their close contacts
title_full_unstemmed Multiplex antibody analysis of IgM, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and serum from infected children and their close contacts
title_sort Multiplex antibody analysis of IgM, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and serum from infected children and their close contacts
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Dobaño, Carlota
Alonso, Selena
Vidal, Marta
Jiménez, Alfons
Rubio, Rocío
Santano, Rebeca
Barrios, Diana
Puyol, Laura
Baró, Bàrbara
Millat-Martínez, Pere
Ajanovic, Sara
Balanza, Núria
Arias, Sara
Rodrigo Melero, Natalia
Carolis, Carlo
Bassat, Quique
Izquierdo, Luis
Aguilar, Ruth
Moncunill, Gemma
author Dobaño, Carlota
author_facet Dobaño, Carlota
Alonso, Selena
Vidal, Marta
Jiménez, Alfons
Rubio, Rocío
Santano, Rebeca
Barrios, Diana
Puyol, Laura
Baró, Bàrbara
Millat-Martínez, Pere
Ajanovic, Sara
Balanza, Núria
Arias, Sara
Rodrigo Melero, Natalia
Carolis, Carlo
Bassat, Quique
Izquierdo, Luis
Aguilar, Ruth
Moncunill, Gemma
author_role author
author2 Alonso, Selena
Vidal, Marta
Jiménez, Alfons
Rubio, Rocío
Santano, Rebeca
Barrios, Diana
Puyol, Laura
Baró, Bàrbara
Millat-Martínez, Pere
Ajanovic, Sara
Balanza, Núria
Arias, Sara
Rodrigo Melero, Natalia
Carolis, Carlo
Bassat, Quique
Izquierdo, Luis
Aguilar, Ruth
Moncunill, Gemma
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Antibody - antigen complex
Children
Plasma
Saliva
Serum
Surveillance
topic COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Antibody - antigen complex
Children
Plasma
Saliva
Serum
Surveillance
description COVID-19 affects children to a lesser extent than adults but they can still get infected and transmit SARS-CoV-2 to their contacts. Field deployable non-invasive sensitive diagnostic techniques are needed to evaluate the infectivity dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in pediatric populations and guide public health interventions, particularly if this population is not fully vaccinated. We evaluated the utility of high-throughput Luminex assays to quantify saliva IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies against five SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) antigens in a contacts and infectivity longitudinal study in 122 individuals (52 children and 70 adults). We compared saliva versus serum/plasma samples in infected children and adults diagnosed by weekly RT-PCR over 35 days (n=62), and those who consistently tested negative over the same follow up period (n=60), in the Summer of 2020 in Barcelona, Spain. Saliva antibody levels in SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive individuals were significantly higher than in negative individuals and correlated with those measured in sera/plasmas. Asymptomatic infected individuals had higher levels of anti-S IgG than symptomatic individuals, suggesting a protective anti-disease role for antibodies. Higher anti-S IgG and IgM levels in serum/plasma and saliva, respectively, in infected children compared to infected adults could also be related to stronger clinical immunity in them. Among infected children, males had higher levels of saliva IgG to N and RBD than females. Despite overall correlation, individual clustering analysis suggested that responses that may not be detected in blood could be patent in saliva, and vice versa. In conclusion, measurement of SARS-CoV-2-specific saliva antibodies should be considered as a complementary non-invasive assay to serum/plasma to determine COVID-19 prevalence and transmission in pediatric populations before and after vaccination campaigns.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2022
2022
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10230/52818
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.751705
url http://hdl.handle.net/10230/52818
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.751705
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Front Immunol. 2022 Jan 27;13:751705
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PID2019-110810RB-I00
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
instname:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
instname_str Universitat Pompeu Fabra
reponame_str Repositorio Digital de la UPF
collection Repositorio Digital de la UPF
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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