Sulfide mineralogy of igneous basic rocks (ophites) from the external zone of the Betic Cordillera

The Triassic sedimentary rocks of the external zone of the Betic Cordillera in southern Spain host abundant igneous basic rocks (“ophites”) metamorphosed in the greenschist facies. Investigation based on high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) reveals magmatic sulfides intimately in...

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Authors: González Jiménez , José María, Blanco Quintero, Idael Francisco, Yesares Ortiz, María Dolores, Marchesi, Claudio, Ferreira García, Amira Rosa, González Pérez, Igor, Schettino, Erwin, Jiménez Cantizano, Francisco Abel, Gervilla, Fernando
Format: article
Publication Date:2025
Country:España
Institution:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repository:Docta Complutense
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/119222
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/119222
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:549
Mineralogía (Geología)
2506.11 Mineralogía
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spelling Sulfide mineralogy of igneous basic rocks (ophites) from the external zone of the Betic CordilleraGonzález Jiménez , José MaríaBlanco Quintero, Idael FranciscoYesares Ortiz, María DoloresMarchesi, ClaudioFerreira García, Amira RosaGonzález Pérez, IgorSchettino, ErwinJiménez Cantizano, Francisco AbelGervilla, Fernando549Mineralogía (Geología)2506.11 MineralogíaThe Triassic sedimentary rocks of the external zone of the Betic Cordillera in southern Spain host abundant igneous basic rocks (“ophites”) metamorphosed in the greenschist facies. Investigation based on high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) reveals magmatic sulfides intimately intergrown with primary silicates (pyroxene, plagioclase and olivine), consisting of pyrrhotite (FeS to Fe7S8; monoclinic C2/c polytype 4C) and pentlandite ((FeNi)9S8; cubic Fm3m), bounded by tetragonal I2d chalcopyrite (CuFeS2). Whole-rock and clinopyroxene geochemical data suggest that Fe–Ni–Cu sulfides crystallized from melt droplets segregated by immiscibility from transitional-alkaline magmas, after their fractional crystallization and volatile oversaturation within crustal conduits developed during intraplate rifting. In contrast, hydrothermal sulfides are pyrite (FeS2) and/or chalcopyrite associated with secondary silicates (chlorite, epidote, saussurite, prehnite, sericite and quartz). Porous pyrite (cubic Pa3) hosts nanodomains of pyrrhotite (monoclinic C2/c polytype 4C and orthorhombic Cmca polytype 11C) and orthorhombic Pnnm marcasite (FeS2), evidencing disulfide formation via coupled Fe loss and S addition in pyrrhotite due to reaction with high-fS2 and high-fO2 fluids at < 300 °C. Tetragonal I2d chalcopyrite replacing pyrite also preserves nanodomains of pyrrhotite as well as of pyrite  marcasite, suggesting reaction of pre-existing Fe sulfides with Cu transported by low-temperature (∼ 200–100 °C) acidic-to-neutral fluids. Additionally, inclusions of sphalerite (ZnS), galena (PbS) and vaesite (NiS2) in pyrite and chalcopyrite spotlight metal remobilization during hydrothermal alteration, which is further confirmed by the crystallization of cobaltite coronas (CoAsS) around pyrite. Our new results contribute to the current debate of the full sequence of processes operating in ore-forming mafic systems.Copernicus PublicationsUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20252025-03-2020252025-03-20journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/119222reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1192222026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Sulfide mineralogy of igneous basic rocks (ophites) from the external zone of the Betic Cordillera
title Sulfide mineralogy of igneous basic rocks (ophites) from the external zone of the Betic Cordillera
spellingShingle Sulfide mineralogy of igneous basic rocks (ophites) from the external zone of the Betic Cordillera
González Jiménez , José María
549
Mineralogía (Geología)
2506.11 Mineralogía
title_short Sulfide mineralogy of igneous basic rocks (ophites) from the external zone of the Betic Cordillera
title_full Sulfide mineralogy of igneous basic rocks (ophites) from the external zone of the Betic Cordillera
title_fullStr Sulfide mineralogy of igneous basic rocks (ophites) from the external zone of the Betic Cordillera
title_full_unstemmed Sulfide mineralogy of igneous basic rocks (ophites) from the external zone of the Betic Cordillera
title_sort Sulfide mineralogy of igneous basic rocks (ophites) from the external zone of the Betic Cordillera
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv González Jiménez , José María
Blanco Quintero, Idael Francisco
Yesares Ortiz, María Dolores
Marchesi, Claudio
Ferreira García, Amira Rosa
González Pérez, Igor
Schettino, Erwin
Jiménez Cantizano, Francisco Abel
Gervilla, Fernando
author González Jiménez , José María
author_facet González Jiménez , José María
Blanco Quintero, Idael Francisco
Yesares Ortiz, María Dolores
Marchesi, Claudio
Ferreira García, Amira Rosa
González Pérez, Igor
Schettino, Erwin
Jiménez Cantizano, Francisco Abel
Gervilla, Fernando
author_role author
author2 Blanco Quintero, Idael Francisco
Yesares Ortiz, María Dolores
Marchesi, Claudio
Ferreira García, Amira Rosa
González Pérez, Igor
Schettino, Erwin
Jiménez Cantizano, Francisco Abel
Gervilla, Fernando
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 549
Mineralogía (Geología)
2506.11 Mineralogía
topic 549
Mineralogía (Geología)
2506.11 Mineralogía
description The Triassic sedimentary rocks of the external zone of the Betic Cordillera in southern Spain host abundant igneous basic rocks (“ophites”) metamorphosed in the greenschist facies. Investigation based on high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) reveals magmatic sulfides intimately intergrown with primary silicates (pyroxene, plagioclase and olivine), consisting of pyrrhotite (FeS to Fe7S8; monoclinic C2/c polytype 4C) and pentlandite ((FeNi)9S8; cubic Fm3m), bounded by tetragonal I2d chalcopyrite (CuFeS2). Whole-rock and clinopyroxene geochemical data suggest that Fe–Ni–Cu sulfides crystallized from melt droplets segregated by immiscibility from transitional-alkaline magmas, after their fractional crystallization and volatile oversaturation within crustal conduits developed during intraplate rifting. In contrast, hydrothermal sulfides are pyrite (FeS2) and/or chalcopyrite associated with secondary silicates (chlorite, epidote, saussurite, prehnite, sericite and quartz). Porous pyrite (cubic Pa3) hosts nanodomains of pyrrhotite (monoclinic C2/c polytype 4C and orthorhombic Cmca polytype 11C) and orthorhombic Pnnm marcasite (FeS2), evidencing disulfide formation via coupled Fe loss and S addition in pyrrhotite due to reaction with high-fS2 and high-fO2 fluids at < 300 °C. Tetragonal I2d chalcopyrite replacing pyrite also preserves nanodomains of pyrrhotite as well as of pyrite  marcasite, suggesting reaction of pre-existing Fe sulfides with Cu transported by low-temperature (∼ 200–100 °C) acidic-to-neutral fluids. Additionally, inclusions of sphalerite (ZnS), galena (PbS) and vaesite (NiS2) in pyrite and chalcopyrite spotlight metal remobilization during hydrothermal alteration, which is further confirmed by the crystallization of cobaltite coronas (CoAsS) around pyrite. Our new results contribute to the current debate of the full sequence of processes operating in ore-forming mafic systems.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025-03-20
2025
2025-03-20
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/119222
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/119222
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Copernicus Publications
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Copernicus Publications
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812429

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