Experimental Determination of pK a for 10 PFAS, Mono‑, Di‑, and Trifluoroacetic Acid by 19F‑NMR

Accurate pK a values of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are urgently needed to improve predictions of their environmental fate, bioaccumulation, and removal, yet reliable experimental data remain scarce. Here, we determined the pK a values of 10 PFAS and three short-chain fluorinated acid...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Balasuryia, Damalka, Queral-Beltran, Aina, Vick, Tristan, Simpson, Scott, Lacorte Bruguera, Silvia, Aga, Diana S., Hoepker, Alexander C.
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2025
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/400494
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/400494
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105015481032
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances
COSMO-RS
GenX
PFOA
PFOS
Acid dissociation constant
Fluorotelomers
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Description
Summary:Accurate pK a values of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are urgently needed to improve predictions of their environmental fate, bioaccumulation, and removal, yet reliable experimental data remain scarce. Here, we determined the pK a values of 10 PFAS and three short-chain fluorinated acids (MFA: 2.58 ± 0.03; DFA: 1.22 ± 0.03, TFA: 0.03 ± 0.08) using 19F and 1H NMR-based chemical shift perturbation. Results were compared to prior experimental values, OPERA predictions (CompTox), and our COSMO-RS calculations. Measured pK a values include PFPrA (-0.18 to -0.54), PFOA (-0.27 ± 0.18), PFBS and PFOS (< -1.85), 6:2 FTS (<0.0), GenX (-0.20 ± 0.09), NFDHA (-0.32 ± 0.18), PFMPA (-0.26 ± 0.13), and 6:2 FTUCA (2.59 ± 0.11). Across C2, C3, and C8 homologues, PFCAs exhibit pK a values of approximately -0.2 to -0.3. Telomerization markedly reduces acidity: 5:3 FTCA (pK a = 4.05 ± 0.04) is >104-fold less acidic than PFOA, with COSMO-RS predicting similar effects from PFOS to 6:2 FTS. The dominant acidifying influence arises from CF2 groups at C1 and C2 near COOH or SO3H. The unusually low pK a values for TFA, PFOA, and GenX reflect our low-MeOH, sorption-resistant NMR method. COSMO-RS consistently outperformed OPERA, underscoring the need for experimental benchmarks to improve predictive models for emerging PFAS.