Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat, Homotherium latidens
Homotherium was a genus of large-bodied scimitar-toothed cats, morphologically distinct from any extant felid species, that went extinct at the end of the Pleistocene [1-4]. They possessed large, saber-form serrated canine teeth, powerful forelimbs, a sloping back, and an enlarged optic bulb, all of...
| Autores: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2020 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
| Repositorio: | Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:recercat.cat:10230/45741 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10230/45741 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.051 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Homotherium Adaptation Ancient DNA Comparative genomes Diversity Genomics Palaeogenome Paleogenome Phylogeny Selection |
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Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat, Homotherium latidensBarnett, Rossde Manuel, MarcMarquès i Bonet, Tomàs, 1975-Gilbert, M ThomasHomotheriumAdaptationAncient DNAComparative genomesDiversityGenomicsPalaeogenomePaleogenomePhylogenySelectionHomotherium was a genus of large-bodied scimitar-toothed cats, morphologically distinct from any extant felid species, that went extinct at the end of the Pleistocene [1-4]. They possessed large, saber-form serrated canine teeth, powerful forelimbs, a sloping back, and an enlarged optic bulb, all of which were key characteristics for predation on Pleistocene megafauna [5]. Previous mitochondrial DNA phylogenies suggested that it was a highly divergent sister lineage to all extant cat species [6-8]. However, mitochondrial phylogenies can be misled by hybridization [9], incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), or sex-biased dispersal patterns [10], which might be especially relevant for Homotherium since widespread mito-nuclear discrepancies have been uncovered in modern cats [10]. To examine the evolutionary history of Homotherium, we generated a ∼7x nuclear genome and a ∼38x exome from H. latidens using shotgun and target-capture sequencing approaches. Phylogenetic analyses reveal Homotherium as highly divergent (∼22.5 Ma) from living cat species, with no detectable signs of gene flow. Comparative genomic analyses found signatures of positive selection in several genes, including those involved in vision, cognitive function, and energy consumption, putatively consistent with diurnal activity, well-developed social behavior, and cursorial hunting [5]. Finally, we uncover relatively high levels of genetic diversity, suggesting that Homotherium may have been more abundant than the limited fossil record suggests [3, 4, 11-14]. Our findings complement and extend previous inferences from both the fossil record and initial molecular studies, enhancing our understanding of the evolution and ecology of this remarkable lineage.This project received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for Research, Technological Development, and Demonstration under grant agreement no. FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF-298820 and ERC Consolidator Award 681396-Extinction Genomics to M.T.P.G.Elsevier202020202020info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/45741http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.051reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésCurr Biol. 2020 Dec 21;30(24):5018-5025.e5info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/298820info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/681396© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:10230/457412026-05-29T05:05:01Z |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat, Homotherium latidens |
| title |
Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat, Homotherium latidens |
| spellingShingle |
Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat, Homotherium latidens Barnett, Ross Homotherium Adaptation Ancient DNA Comparative genomes Diversity Genomics Palaeogenome Paleogenome Phylogeny Selection |
| title_short |
Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat, Homotherium latidens |
| title_full |
Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat, Homotherium latidens |
| title_fullStr |
Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat, Homotherium latidens |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat, Homotherium latidens |
| title_sort |
Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat, Homotherium latidens |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Barnett, Ross de Manuel, Marc Marquès i Bonet, Tomàs, 1975- Gilbert, M Thomas |
| author |
Barnett, Ross |
| author_facet |
Barnett, Ross de Manuel, Marc Marquès i Bonet, Tomàs, 1975- Gilbert, M Thomas |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
de Manuel, Marc Marquès i Bonet, Tomàs, 1975- Gilbert, M Thomas |
| author2_role |
author author author |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Homotherium Adaptation Ancient DNA Comparative genomes Diversity Genomics Palaeogenome Paleogenome Phylogeny Selection |
| topic |
Homotherium Adaptation Ancient DNA Comparative genomes Diversity Genomics Palaeogenome Paleogenome Phylogeny Selection |
| description |
Homotherium was a genus of large-bodied scimitar-toothed cats, morphologically distinct from any extant felid species, that went extinct at the end of the Pleistocene [1-4]. They possessed large, saber-form serrated canine teeth, powerful forelimbs, a sloping back, and an enlarged optic bulb, all of which were key characteristics for predation on Pleistocene megafauna [5]. Previous mitochondrial DNA phylogenies suggested that it was a highly divergent sister lineage to all extant cat species [6-8]. However, mitochondrial phylogenies can be misled by hybridization [9], incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), or sex-biased dispersal patterns [10], which might be especially relevant for Homotherium since widespread mito-nuclear discrepancies have been uncovered in modern cats [10]. To examine the evolutionary history of Homotherium, we generated a ∼7x nuclear genome and a ∼38x exome from H. latidens using shotgun and target-capture sequencing approaches. Phylogenetic analyses reveal Homotherium as highly divergent (∼22.5 Ma) from living cat species, with no detectable signs of gene flow. Comparative genomic analyses found signatures of positive selection in several genes, including those involved in vision, cognitive function, and energy consumption, putatively consistent with diurnal activity, well-developed social behavior, and cursorial hunting [5]. Finally, we uncover relatively high levels of genetic diversity, suggesting that Homotherium may have been more abundant than the limited fossil record suggests [3, 4, 11-14]. Our findings complement and extend previous inferences from both the fossil record and initial molecular studies, enhancing our understanding of the evolution and ecology of this remarkable lineage. |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020 2020 2020 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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article |
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publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/45741 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.051 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/45741 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.051 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
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Curr Biol. 2020 Dec 21;30(24):5018-5025.e5 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/298820 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/681396 |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf application/pdf |
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Elsevier |
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Elsevier |
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reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
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Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
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Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya |
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