"Fold but not sheepfold"

The functional interpretation of cave deposits known as fumiers (organic accumulations generated by livestock stabling) has traditionally been linked to the keeping of small ruminants, particularly sheep and goats. However, recent archaeozoological research suggests that such deposits may reflect a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Mata Ferrer, Sergi|||0009-0009-5863-0498, Sierra Sainz Aja, Alejandro|||0000-0003-2903-7846, Vega Maeso, Cristina|||0000-0002-5329-9726, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B.|||0000-0003-3353-5581, Carmona Ballestero, Eduardo|||0000-0003-2467-4272
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:uabarcelona_::1d8c23182de46ff346017a9760f64ac2
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/327993
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105695
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Chalcolithic husbandry
Cantabrian Region
Archaeozoology
Fumier deposits
Livestock stabling
Iberian Peninsula
Descripción
Sumario:The functional interpretation of cave deposits known as fumiers (organic accumulations generated by livestock stabling) has traditionally been linked to the keeping of small ruminants, particularly sheep and goats. However, recent archaeozoological research suggests that such deposits may reflect a wider range of herding practices and species management strategies. This study examines the Chalcolithic faunal assemblage (3000-2500 cal BCE) from the rock shelter of El Abrigo de La Castañera (Obregón de Villaescusa, Cantabria, northern Spain) to reassess the nature of these contexts. A total of 6,874 faunal remains were analyzed using taxonomic, taphonomic, and mortality-profile criteria. The results confirm the presence of a typical fumier deposit, characterized by the abundance of neonatal remains, burnt layers and a high bone fragmentation, but with an atypical taxonomic composition. Unlike Mediterranean sheepfold caves dominated by ovines and caprines, the assemblage from La Castañera is overwhelmingly composed of cattle (Bos taurus) and pigs (Sus domesticus), while sheep and goats (Ovis/Capra) play a secondary role. Mortality profiles and butchery marks indicate species-specific management strategies: cattle were used for meat and milk; pigs were raised intensively for fast meat and fat production; and caprines played a minor economic role. These data reveal a diversified herding system adapted to the humid Cantabrian environmental conditions, challenging the taxonomic definition of fumiers and emphasizing their interpretation as multifunctional stabling and consumption deposits reflecting the economic and social complexity of Chalcolithic communities.