Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

Many Atlantic salmon Salmo salar populations in Europe are threatened by previous stocking with foreign hatchery strains. Temporal patterns of genetic characteristics of salmon from northern Spain, the southernmost European populations, were compared before and after species decline and heavy stocki...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Almodóvar, Ana, Leal, Sheila, Nicola, Graciela G., Hórreo, José Luis, García-Vázquez, Eva, Elvira, Benigno
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Recursos:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/234566
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/234566
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Conservation genetics
Effective population size
Foreign stocking
Genetic variability
Introgression
Population genetics
Salmonidae
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spelling Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salarAlmodóvar, AnaLeal, SheilaNicola, Graciela G.Hórreo, José LuisGarcía-Vázquez, EvaElvira, BenignoConservation geneticsEffective population sizeForeign stockingGenetic variabilityIntrogressionPopulation geneticsSalmonidaeMany Atlantic salmon Salmo salar populations in Europe are threatened by previous stocking with foreign hatchery strains. Temporal patterns of genetic characteristics of salmon from northern Spain, the southernmost European populations, were compared before and after species decline and heavy stocking with specimens from northern Europe. Eleven microsatellite loci were analysed in archival (scales from 1958-1960) and contemporary (2007-2008) samples from the River Sella. Temporal analyses revealed a similar heterozygosity between archival and contemporary samples, despite a drastic decrease in population abundance, while the contemporary sample showed a higher allelic richness due to the occurrence of foreign alleles. Considering only the alleles with at least 4% frequency in the archival sample, 2 alleles exclusive to the River Sella were absent in the contemporary sample, and 14 alleles showed a decrease of at least 4% frequency. Four alleles common in Scotland showed a high occurrence in the contemporary sample, so they are good candidates as markers of introgression of foreign genes. The heavy stocking with non-native Scottish broodstocks between 1970 and 1990 caused the introgression found in the contemporary sample when compared with the pristine population. An abrupt decrease was evident when the estimates of effective number of breeders were adjusted to take into account overlapping generations (Nb), effective population size (Ne) estimated from Nb, and number of breeders estimated using the sibship assignment method (Nb). The very low effective size values found in the contemporary sample, together with the detrimental synergy between genetic drift and high rates of introgression, represent a severe risk for the conservation of native salmon.This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through theresearch project CGL2012-36049/BOS. J.L.H. was supported by a Spanish MINECO Juan de la Cierva Incorporación postdoctoral grant (ref. IJCI-2015-23618).Inter-Research Science CenterMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2021202120202021info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/234566reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttp://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ESR01029Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2345662026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
title Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
spellingShingle Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
Almodóvar, Ana
Conservation genetics
Effective population size
Foreign stocking
Genetic variability
Introgression
Population genetics
Salmonidae
title_short Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
title_full Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
title_fullStr Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
title_full_unstemmed Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
title_sort Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Almodóvar, Ana
Leal, Sheila
Nicola, Graciela G.
Hórreo, José Luis
García-Vázquez, Eva
Elvira, Benigno
author Almodóvar, Ana
author_facet Almodóvar, Ana
Leal, Sheila
Nicola, Graciela G.
Hórreo, José Luis
García-Vázquez, Eva
Elvira, Benigno
author_role author
author2 Leal, Sheila
Nicola, Graciela G.
Hórreo, José Luis
García-Vázquez, Eva
Elvira, Benigno
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Conservation genetics
Effective population size
Foreign stocking
Genetic variability
Introgression
Population genetics
Salmonidae
topic Conservation genetics
Effective population size
Foreign stocking
Genetic variability
Introgression
Population genetics
Salmonidae
description Many Atlantic salmon Salmo salar populations in Europe are threatened by previous stocking with foreign hatchery strains. Temporal patterns of genetic characteristics of salmon from northern Spain, the southernmost European populations, were compared before and after species decline and heavy stocking with specimens from northern Europe. Eleven microsatellite loci were analysed in archival (scales from 1958-1960) and contemporary (2007-2008) samples from the River Sella. Temporal analyses revealed a similar heterozygosity between archival and contemporary samples, despite a drastic decrease in population abundance, while the contemporary sample showed a higher allelic richness due to the occurrence of foreign alleles. Considering only the alleles with at least 4% frequency in the archival sample, 2 alleles exclusive to the River Sella were absent in the contemporary sample, and 14 alleles showed a decrease of at least 4% frequency. Four alleles common in Scotland showed a high occurrence in the contemporary sample, so they are good candidates as markers of introgression of foreign genes. The heavy stocking with non-native Scottish broodstocks between 1970 and 1990 caused the introgression found in the contemporary sample when compared with the pristine population. An abrupt decrease was evident when the estimates of effective number of breeders were adjusted to take into account overlapping generations (Nb), effective population size (Ne) estimated from Nb, and number of breeders estimated using the sibship assignment method (Nb). The very low effective size values found in the contemporary sample, together with the detrimental synergy between genetic drift and high rates of introgression, represent a severe risk for the conservation of native salmon.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020
2021
2021
2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/234566
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/234566
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ESR01029
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Inter-Research Science Center
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Inter-Research Science Center
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,812429

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