Humoral Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Primary Vaccination Among People with HIV

People with HIV (PWH) may exhibit altered immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination due to persistent immune dysregulation despite antiretroviral therapy. We evaluated humoral immunogenicity following mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in PWH according to CD4 T-cell count and compared responses with HIV-n...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Nomah, Daniel K., Robles, Alba G., Bruguera, Andreu, Tiraboschi, Juan M., Benet, Susana, García-Pérez, Javier, Jimenez, Paloma, Vilaró, Ingrid, Navarro, Gemma, Sánchez-Palomino, Sonsoles, Suanzes, Paula, García-Gasalla, Mercedes, Homar, Francisco, Mothe, Beatriz, Casabona, Jordi, Reyes-Urueña, Juliana, Buzón, María J., Miro, Jose M.
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Recursos:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
Repositorio:Docusalut
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:docusalut___::b7bd1095257124e54cf7746001cc8154
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/27369
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:COVID-19
HIV
SARS-CoV-2
humoral response
vaccination
Descrição
Resumo:People with HIV (PWH) may exhibit altered immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination due to persistent immune dysregulation despite antiretroviral therapy. We evaluated humoral immunogenicity following mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in PWH according to CD4 T-cell count and compared responses with HIV-negative controls. The study included 57 PWH stratified by CD4 count (<200 and ≥200 cells/µL), alongside 12 HIV-negative controls. Neutralizing antibody titers (NT50) against SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses expressing the D614G and Omicron BA.5 spike variants were measured using a luciferase-based neutralization assay one month (M1) and six months (M6) after primary vaccination with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. PWH with CD4 counts ≥ 200 cells/µL demonstrated higher neutralizing titers against D614G at M1 and M6, with significant differences observed between CD4 groups (M1: p = 0.03; M6: p = 0.02). Neutralization of BA.5 was lower overall; while no overall group differences were observed at M1, higher titers were detected among individuals with CD4 ≥ 200 cells/µL at six months (p = 0.04). Neutralizing titers correlated positively with CD4 counts among PWH. Responses were broadly comparable between PWH and HIV-negative controls and did not differ substantially by vaccine type. These findings indicate that immune status, reflected by CD4 T-cell count, is a key determinant of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced humoral responses in PWH and support prioritizing vaccination strategies for individuals with advanced immunosuppression.

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