Engineering a scalable photoelectrocatalytic reactor: Advancing TRL for sustainable wastewater treatment with 3D-printed innovation and Ti-WO3 efficiency

The increasing demand for efficient and sustainable solutions in wastewater treatment and clean energy generation has driven the advancement of photoelectrocatalysis (PhEC), emerging as a promising alternative technology. This study presents the design, development, and validation of a novel photoel...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Reis , Roberta Yonara Nascimento, Rodríguez Gómez, Alberto, Mascaro , Lúcia Helena, Rodrigo Rodrigo, Manuel Andrés
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
Repositorio:RUIdeRA. Repositorio Institucional de la UCLM
OAI Identifier:oai:ruidera.uclm.es:10578/45417
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166602
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1385894725074406
https://hdl.handle.net/10578/45417
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Coulombic efficiency
Energy efficiency
High-power LED
LED irradiation
Mechanical design
Photoelectrochemical cell
Descripción
Sumario:The increasing demand for efficient and sustainable solutions in wastewater treatment and clean energy generation has driven the advancement of photoelectrocatalysis (PhEC), emerging as a promising alternative technology. This study presents the design, development, and validation of a novel photoelectrochemical reactor (E3L-PECR), engineered through 3D printing to optimize faradaic and energy efficiencies in degrading recalcitrant organic pollutants. The reactor was coupled with a Ti-WO3 photoanode and evaluated under distinct LED irradiation conditions. Despite its lower energy consumption, high-brightness (HB) LEDs exhibited reduced photoelectrochemical performance. High-power (HP) LEDs provided superior photocurrent densities (1.65 mA cm-2 at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) removal efficiency (90 % in 120 min), along with enhanced coulombic efficiency. A heat dissipation system was necessary for the operation of HP LEDs. The optimized PhEC conditions resulted in effective 4-NP degradation, the generation of short-chain organic acids, and a 65 % reduction in phytotoxicity, as supported by radical scavenger analysis. The Ti-WO3 electrode demonstrated good stability across five reuse cycles. Overall, the E3L-PECR photoelectroreactor represents a significant advancement in PhEC reactor design, offering high efficiency, reduced environmental impact, and the potential for scalable applications in water treatment.