ABCG5/G8 gene is associated with hypercholesterolemias without mutation in candidate genes and non-cholesterol sterols

Context Approximately 20% to 40% of clinically defined familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) cases do not show a causative mutation in candidate genes (mutation-negative FH), and some of them may have a polygenic origin. Objective The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of ABCG5/G8 genetic var...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Lamiquiz Moneo, Itziar, Baila Rueda, Lucía, Bea, Ana M., Mateo Gallego, Rocío, Pérez Calahorra, Sofía, Marco Benedí, Victoria, Martín Navarro, Antonio, Ros, Emilio, Cofán, Montserrat, Rodríguez Rey, José Carlos|||0000-0002-8369-3118, Pocovi, Miguel, Cenarro, Ana, Civeira, Fernando
Format: article
Publication Date:2017
Country:España
Institution:Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
Repository:UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unican.es:10902/12351
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10902/12351
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Genetic hypercholesterolemia
ABCG5/G8
Non-cholesterol sterols
Cholesterol absorption
Description
Summary:Context Approximately 20% to 40% of clinically defined familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) cases do not show a causative mutation in candidate genes (mutation-negative FH), and some of them may have a polygenic origin. Objective The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of ABCG5/G8 genetic variants in mutation-negative FH, as defects in these genes relate to intestinal hyperabsorption of cholesterol and thus ABCG5/G8 variants could explain in part the mechanism of hypercholesterolemia. Design, setting, and patients We sequenced the ABCG5/G8 genes in 214 mutation-negative FH and 97 controls. Surrogate markers of cholesterol absorption (5?-cholestanol, ?-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, and sitostanol) were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography?tandem mass spectrometry in both studied groups. Results We found 8 mutation-negative FH patients (3.73%) with a pathogenic mutation in ABCG5/G8 genes. We observed significantly higher concentration of surrogate markers of cholesterol absorption in mutation-negative FH than in controls. In addition, we found significantly higher concentrations of cholesterol absorption markers in mutation-negative FH with ABCG5/G8 defects than in mutation-negative, ABCG5/G8-negative FH. A gene score reflecting the number of common single nucleotide variants associated with hypercholesterolemia was significantly higher in cases than in controls (P = .032). Subjects with a gene score above the mean had significantly higher 5?-cholestanol and stigmasterol than those with a lower gene score. Conclusions Mutation-negative FH subjects accumulate an excess of rare and common gene variations in ABCG5/G8 genes. This variation is associated with increased intestinal absorption of cholesterol, as determined by surrogate makers, suggesting that these loci contribute to hypercholesterolemia by enhancing intestinal cholesterol absorption.