Synchronization challenges in deep space communications

Deep space missions keep pushing for new frontiers affecting a wide spectrum of disciplines. To support the scientific achievements expected from new missions, communication technology is being pushed towards its limits [1]. A need to increase communication links data rate as well as to lower the op...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Vila-Valls, J, Navarro, M, Closas, P, Bertinelli, M
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC)
Repositorio:r-CTTC. Repositorio Institucional Producción Científica del Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC)
OAI Identifier:oai:cttc.fundanetsuite.com:p1632
Acceso en línea:https://cttc.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=1632
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062902568&doi=10.1109%2fMAES.2019.170208&partnerID=40&md5=11c06982de6fe5419805665e619e9b3a
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Bit error rate
Codes (symbols)
Delay lock loops
Forward error correction
Interplanetary flight
Locks (fasteners)
Phase locked loops
Radio receivers
Signal receivers
Software radio
Software reliability
Synchronization
Transponders
Communication technologies
Consultative committee for space data systems
Deep space communications
Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes
Performance and reliabilities
Phase Locked Loop (PLL)
State-of-the-art system
Wireless communications system
Signal to noise ratio
Descripción
Sumario:Deep space missions keep pushing for new frontiers affecting a wide spectrum of disciplines. To support the scientific achievements expected from new missions, communication technology is being pushed towards its limits [1]. A need to increase communication links data rate as well as to lower the operative signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are identified. The adoption of advanced coding schemes such as turbo codes and low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes (e.g., Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CC-SDS) standards) allows receivers to operate at lower SNRs. However, in order to exploit the full potential of the coding gain, the receiver must be able to acquire and track a signal with a SNR much lower than expected in nominal conditions of state-of-the-art systems. The target operating point is given by the candidate LDPC codes [2], where the codeword error rate is set to WER = 10-5, achieved at the bit energy to noise density ratio Eb/N0 = 5.2 dB, = 3.6 dB for LDPC(128,64) and LDPC(256,128), respectively. In [3] the first receiver bottleneck related with frame synchronization, a functionality required previous to channel decoding, was identified. Even though frame synchronization enhancements were proposed beyond standard correlation techniques [3], [4], [1], it was recommended to increase the synchronization word length in order to achieve the target performance. The recommendation was recently adopted by the CCSDS. In this work, the focus lies on the receiver synchronization stages (i.e., acquisition and tracking). Not only from a research standpoint, but also for the design of next generation Telemetry Tracking Command (TTC) transponders, it is of capital importance to understand the performance limitations of state-of-the-art deep space communications architectures, clearly identifying possible bottlenecks and the synchronization stages (i.e., acquisition and tracking) to be improved. Digital carrier and timing synchronization have been an active research field for the past three decades in applications such as satellite-based positioning or terrestrial wireless communications systems. In those scenarios, the limitations of standard delay, frequency, and phase-locked loop (delay-locked loop, frequency-locked loop (FLL), and phase-locked loop (PLL), respectively) architectures have been clearly overcome by Kalman filter (KF) based solutions [5], which provide an inherent adaptive bandwidth, robustness, flexibility, and an optimal design methodology. Despite the advances in the field, synchronization architectures for deep space communications links, implemented in current TTC transponders, still rely on well-known conventional architectures, which may be insufficient if limits are pushed to extremely low SNR or harsh propagation conditions. With the advent of powerful software defined radio receivers and new system design rules, it is now possible to adopt new robust architectures that may enable going beyond the performance and reliability provided by legacy solutions. © 1986-2012 IEEE.