Interfamilial recombination between viruses led to acquisition of a novel translation enhancing RNA element that extends viral host range

Many plant viruses depend on functional RNA elements, called 3′-UTR cap-independent translation enhancers (3′-CITEs), for translation of their RNAs. In this manuscript we provide direct proof for the existing hypothesis that 3′-CITEs are modular and transferable by recombination in nature, and that...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Authors: Miras, Manuel, Sempere, Raquel N., Kraft, Jelena J., Miller, W. Allen, Aranda, Miguel A., Truniger, Verónica
Format: article
Publication Date:2014
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/162880
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/162880
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:3′-UTR cap-independent translation enhancer (3′-CITE)
Cap-independent translation
Cucurbit aphid borne yellows virus (CABYV)
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)
Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV)
Recessive resistance
Recombination
Resistance breaking
Description
Summary:Many plant viruses depend on functional RNA elements, called 3′-UTR cap-independent translation enhancers (3′-CITEs), for translation of their RNAs. In this manuscript we provide direct proof for the existing hypothesis that 3′-CITEs are modular and transferable by recombination in nature, and that this is associated with an advantage for the created virus. By characterizing a newly identified Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV; Tombusviridae) isolate, which is able to overcome eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)-mediated resistance, we found that it contains a 55 nucleotide insertion in its 3′-UTR. We provide strong evidence that this insertion was acquired by interfamilial recombination with the 3′-UTR of an Asiatic Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV; Luteoviridae). By constructing chimeric viruses, we showed that this recombined sequence is responsible for resistance breaking. Analysis of the translational efficiency of reporter constructs showed that this sequence functions as a novel 3′-CITE in both resistant and susceptible plants, being essential for translation control in resistant plants. In conclusion, we showed that a recombination event between two clearly identified viruses from different families led to the transfer of exactly the sequence corresponding to a functional RNA element, giving rise to a new isolate with the capacity to infect an otherwise nonsusceptible host.