Treating BCG-Induced Cystitis with Combined Chondroitin and Hyaluronic Acid Instillations in Bladder Cancer

In non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) responders benefit from strong Th1-type inflammatory and T cell responses mediating tumor rejection. However, the corresponding lack of anti-inflammatory Th2-type immunity impairs tissue repair in the bladder wall and facilitates...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Pichler, R, Stäblein, J, Mari, A, Afferi, L, D'Andrea, D, Marcq, G, del Giudice, F, Soria, F, Caño-Velasco, J, Subiela, JD, Gallioli, A, Tully, KH, Mori, K, Herms, A, Pradere, B, Moschini, M, Mertens, LS, Thurnher, M
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)
Repositorio:r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau
OAI Identifier:oai:iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com:p17600
Acceso en línea:https://iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=17600
http://ddd.uab.cat/record/306323
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:BCG
bladder cancer
cystitis
hyaluronic acid
chondroitin
intravesical instillations
Descripción
Sumario:In non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) responders benefit from strong Th1-type inflammatory and T cell responses mediating tumor rejection. However, the corresponding lack of anti-inflammatory Th2-type immunity impairs tissue repair in the bladder wall and facilitates the development of cystitis, causing urinary pain, urgency, incontinence, and frequency. Mechanistically, the leakage of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer enables an influx of potassium ions, bacteria, and urine solutes towards the underlying bladder tissue, promoting chronic inflammation. Treatments directed towards re-establishing this mucopolysaccharide-based protective barrier are urgently needed. We discuss the pathomechanisms, as well as the therapeutic rationale of how chondroitin and hyaluronic acid instillations can reduce or prevent BCG-induced irritative bladder symptoms. Moreover, we present a case series of five patients with refractory BCG-induced cystitis successfully treated with combined chondroitin and hyaluronic acid instillations.