Between conflict and reciprocal habituation: Human-wild boar coexistence in urban areas

Urbanization is an ongoing global environmental change. Wildlife may respond using anthropized environments and resources, which is known as synurbization, creating human-wildlife interactions. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations have become common in urban areas, including the metropolitan area of B...

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Autores: Conejero, Carles, González‑Crespo, Carlos, Fatjó, Jaume, Castillo-Contreras, Raquel, Serrano, Emmanuel, Lavín, Santiago, Mentaberre García, Gregorio, López-Olvera, Jorge Ramón
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/467009
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173258
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/467009
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Coexistence
Human-wildlife conflict
Socio-ecology
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network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Between conflict and reciprocal habituation: Human-wild boar coexistence in urban areas
title Between conflict and reciprocal habituation: Human-wild boar coexistence in urban areas
spellingShingle Between conflict and reciprocal habituation: Human-wild boar coexistence in urban areas
Conejero, Carles
Coexistence
Human-wildlife conflict
Socio-ecology
title_short Between conflict and reciprocal habituation: Human-wild boar coexistence in urban areas
title_full Between conflict and reciprocal habituation: Human-wild boar coexistence in urban areas
title_fullStr Between conflict and reciprocal habituation: Human-wild boar coexistence in urban areas
title_full_unstemmed Between conflict and reciprocal habituation: Human-wild boar coexistence in urban areas
title_sort Between conflict and reciprocal habituation: Human-wild boar coexistence in urban areas
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Conejero, Carles
González‑Crespo, Carlos
Fatjó, Jaume
Castillo-Contreras, Raquel
Serrano, Emmanuel
Lavín, Santiago
Mentaberre García, Gregorio
López-Olvera, Jorge Ramón
author Conejero, Carles
author_facet Conejero, Carles
González‑Crespo, Carlos
Fatjó, Jaume
Castillo-Contreras, Raquel
Serrano, Emmanuel
Lavín, Santiago
Mentaberre García, Gregorio
López-Olvera, Jorge Ramón
author_role author
author2 González‑Crespo, Carlos
Fatjó, Jaume
Castillo-Contreras, Raquel
Serrano, Emmanuel
Lavín, Santiago
Mentaberre García, Gregorio
López-Olvera, Jorge Ramón
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Coexistence
Human-wildlife conflict
Socio-ecology
topic Coexistence
Human-wildlife conflict
Socio-ecology
description Urbanization is an ongoing global environmental change. Wildlife may respond using anthropized environments and resources, which is known as synurbization, creating human-wildlife interactions. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations have become common in urban areas, including the metropolitan area of Barcelona. Humans respond to wild boars in urban environments either habituating, with lower conflict perception and higher wild boar acceptance, or sensitizing, with reduced tolerance towards wild boars. Since citizen response influences conflict management, this study analysed the drivers of human responses, which should allow adopting socially-accepted measures to manage synurbic wild boar populations. Interviews to 1956 Barcelona citizens were performed, grouping the response variables to score citizen and urban characteristics, as well as citizen lay-knowledge, emotions, experiences, and perception of wild boar. Five citizen clusters were identified: cluster 1 (3.3 %), highly habituated and active wild boar feeder; cluster 2 (11.3 %), habituated to wild boars with positive feelings; cluster 3 (19.8 %), not habituated nor sensitized, willing to maintain urban wild boar populations; cluster 4 (29.1 %), sensitized and concerned, defending to reduce wild boar; and cluster 5 (40.1 %), highly sensitized and proposing to reduce or even eliminate wild boar. Positive attitudes associated wild boar to aesthetic value, closeness to nature and sympathy, and were more frequent in young citizens with urban background and high education, animal lovers habituated to wild boar through contact without negative experiences. Conversely, negative attitudes were concerned about city fouling, safety or health, accepted lethal management measures, and were more frequent in older citizens with rural background, lower education, low contact with wild boar or sensitized through negative experiences. We document for the first time the sensitization and reciprocal habituation of humans to wild boar in urban areas. The identification of the drivers of citizen attitudes towards urban wildlife should be useful to design socially-accepted management measures.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173258
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/467009
url https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173258
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/467009
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173258
Science of The Total Environment, 2024, vol. 936, 173258
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by-nc-nd (c) Carles Conejero et al., 2024
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by-nc-nd (c) Carles Conejero et al., 2024
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
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spelling Between conflict and reciprocal habituation: Human-wild boar coexistence in urban areasConejero, CarlesGonzález‑Crespo, CarlosFatjó, JaumeCastillo-Contreras, RaquelSerrano, EmmanuelLavín, SantiagoMentaberre García, GregorioLópez-Olvera, Jorge RamónCoexistenceHuman-wildlife conflictSocio-ecologyUrbanization is an ongoing global environmental change. Wildlife may respond using anthropized environments and resources, which is known as synurbization, creating human-wildlife interactions. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations have become common in urban areas, including the metropolitan area of Barcelona. Humans respond to wild boars in urban environments either habituating, with lower conflict perception and higher wild boar acceptance, or sensitizing, with reduced tolerance towards wild boars. Since citizen response influences conflict management, this study analysed the drivers of human responses, which should allow adopting socially-accepted measures to manage synurbic wild boar populations. Interviews to 1956 Barcelona citizens were performed, grouping the response variables to score citizen and urban characteristics, as well as citizen lay-knowledge, emotions, experiences, and perception of wild boar. Five citizen clusters were identified: cluster 1 (3.3 %), highly habituated and active wild boar feeder; cluster 2 (11.3 %), habituated to wild boars with positive feelings; cluster 3 (19.8 %), not habituated nor sensitized, willing to maintain urban wild boar populations; cluster 4 (29.1 %), sensitized and concerned, defending to reduce wild boar; and cluster 5 (40.1 %), highly sensitized and proposing to reduce or even eliminate wild boar. Positive attitudes associated wild boar to aesthetic value, closeness to nature and sympathy, and were more frequent in young citizens with urban background and high education, animal lovers habituated to wild boar through contact without negative experiences. Conversely, negative attitudes were concerned about city fouling, safety or health, accepted lethal management measures, and were more frequent in older citizens with rural background, lower education, low contact with wild boar or sensitized through negative experiences. We document for the first time the sensitization and reciprocal habituation of humans to wild boar in urban areas. The identification of the drivers of citizen attitudes towards urban wildlife should be useful to design socially-accepted management measures.We thank the eight surveyors from the Ajuntament de Barcelona and especially thanks to Anna Serra, Enric Vall`es and Carme Mat´e for their coordination and support on this project. The ideas and discussion by Clara Pretus, from the Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine (Affinity Foundation Chair for Animals and Health) of the Universitat Autonoma ` de Barcelona, and Aníbal Arregui, from the Departament d'Antropologia Social, Universitat de Barcelona, were much appreciated and contributed to improve the manuscript. The authors are grateful to the Ajuntament de Barcelona, who provided funding through the con tracts 13/051, 15/0174, 16/0243 and 16/0243-00-PR/01. The Secre taria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya and the European Social Fund funded Raquel Castillo-Contreras through the grant numbers 2016FI_B 00425, 2017FI_B1 00040 and 2018FI_B2_00030. Emmanuel Serrano was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia Innovacion ´ y Universidades (MICINN) through a Ramon y Cajal agreement (RYC2016-21120).Elsevier2024info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173258https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/467009reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésReproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173258Science of The Total Environment, 2024, vol. 936, 173258cc-by-nc-nd (c) Carles Conejero et al., 2024Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/4670092026-05-29T05:05:01Z
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