A hard x-ray test of HCN enhancements as a tracer of embedded black hole growth

Enhanced emission from the dense gas tracer HCN (relative to HCO+) has been proposed as a signature of active galactic nuclei (AGN). In a previous single-dish millimeter line survey we identified galaxies with HCN/HCO+ (1-0) intensity ratios consistent with those of many AGN but whose mid-infrared s...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Privon, George C., Ricci, Claudio, Aalto, Susanne, Viti, Serena, Armus, Lee, Díaz-Santos, T., González-Alfonso, E., Iwasawa, Kazushi, Jeff, D. L., Treister, E., Bauer, Florian Franz, Evans, Aaron S., Garg, P., Herrero-Illana, Rubén, Mazzarella, Joseph M., Larson, Kirsten, Blecha, L., Barcos-Muñoz, Loreto, Charmandaris, Vassilis, Stierwalt, Sabrina, Pérez-Torres, Miguel A.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/213862
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/213862
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Molecular gas
Active galactic nuclei
X-ray active galactic nuclei
Luminous infrared galaxies
Starburst galaxies
Descripción
Sumario:Enhanced emission from the dense gas tracer HCN (relative to HCO+) has been proposed as a signature of active galactic nuclei (AGN). In a previous single-dish millimeter line survey we identified galaxies with HCN/HCO+ (1-0) intensity ratios consistent with those of many AGN but whose mid-infrared spectral diagnostics are consistent with little to no (≲15%) contribution of an AGN to the bolometric luminosity. To search for putative heavily obscured AGN, we present and analyze NuSTAR hard X-ray (3-79 keV) observations of four such galaxies from the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey. We find no X-ray evidence for AGN in three of the systems and place strong upper limits on the energetic contribution of any heavily obscured (NH > 1024 cm-2) AGN to their bolometric luminosity. The upper limits on the X-ray flux are presently an order of magnitude below what XDR-driven chemistry models predict are necessary to drive HCN enhancements. In a fourth system we find a hard X-ray excess consistent with the presence of an AGN, but contributing only ∼3% of the bolometric luminosity. It is also unclear if the AGN is spatially associated with the HCN enhancement. We further explore the relationship between HCN/HCO+ (for several J upper levels) and LAGN/LIR f for a larger sample of systems in the literature. We find no evidence for correlations between the line ratios and the AGN fraction derived from X-rays, indicating that HCN/HCO+ intensity ratios are not driven by the energetic dominance of AGN, nor are they reliable indicators of ongoing supermassive black hole accretion. © 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved