Evaluación de planes de electrificación rural y propuesta de planificación con criterios técnicos y sociales
Energy access allows to improve population life quality, specifically in terms of food, education and health. Currently, 10% of the world population does not have electricity. 85% of this population is mainly concentrated in rural areas of developing countries. In order to increase electricity acces...
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| Formato: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2021 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/673190 |
| Acesso em linha: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673190 https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-360901 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Energies 338 621.3 |
| Resumo: | Energy access allows to improve population life quality, specifically in terms of food, education and health. Currently, 10% of the world population does not have electricity. 85% of this population is mainly concentrated in rural areas of developing countries. In order to increase electricity access, the national interconnected grid can be extended or, also, isolated systems can be implemented. In particular, systems based on the use of renewable energies are an appropriate option for the most remote communities, since they reduce dependencies on external resources and fossil fuels. Rural electrification planning consists in defining the strategies to be used to satisfy the energy needs of the population without electricity, regarding the design of projects, prioritizing and ordering their execution in time. In many countries, different rural electrification plans have been implemented at a regional and local scale, but they have not always been successful mainly because of the standardization in the design of systems, instead of the detailed analysis of the specific requirements of each population. In this context, this doctoral thesis aims to analyse rural electrification plans and develop a planning proposal at regional scale, which considers the particularities of each community, in the design of projects and their prioritization. In a region of a developing country with several communities without electricity, this proposal would be the guide for electrification promoters throughout the whole decision-making process to select the most appropriate electrification system to be implemented in each community and prioritizing the communities to be electrified, considering technical and social aspects. For the definition of an appropriate planning proposal, it is necessary to consider the key aspects that condition and/or guarantee the sustainability of projects. Hence, this work carries out an evaluation of different rural electrification project plans that have already been implemented, in order to identify and extract the lessons learned and, thus, consider them in the implementation of future plans. Based on the results of the evaluation, the planning proposal is defined, which consists in 3 stages. In stage 1, the initial evaluations are carried out to compile the information (socioeconomic, energy and technical) at regional scale. In stage 2, a definition of projects is performed, where different electrification technologies are compared for each community. Finally, in stage 3, the prioritization of projects is realized, where a hierarchical order of communities is sought from where to start the implementation, considering technical and social criteria. The planning proposal is validated through its application to a real case study, called the Solar communities network (RECOMSOL), which covers 8 rural communities in Chiapas (Mexico) and is promoted by the Chiapas University of Sciences and Arts (UNICACH). Thus, the proposal is demonstrated adequate to implement rural electrification plans at a regional and local scale in developing countries, since it allows the promoters to guide and interact throughout the whole decision process in a clear and systematized way, obtaining results validated by the promoters of the systems. |
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