The link between cognition and somatic conditions related to insulin resistance in the UK Biobank study cohort: a systematic review

Clinical and genomic studies have shown an overlap between neuropsychiatric disorders and insulin resistance (IR)-related somatic conditions, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Impaired cognition is often observed among neuropsychiatric disorders, where multiple cogniti...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Fanelli, Giuseppe, Roth Mota, Nina, Salas Salvadó, Jordi, Bulló, Mònica, Fernández Aranda, Fernando, Camacho Barcia, Lucía, Testa, Giulia, Jiménez-Murcia, Susana, Bertaina Anglade, Valerie, Franke, Barbara, Poelmans, Geert, van Gils, Veerle, Jansen, Willemijn J., Vos, Stephanie J.B., Wimberley, Theresa, Dalsgaard, Søren, Barta, Csaba, Serretti, Alessandro, Fabbri, Chiara, Bralten, Janita
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
OAI Identifier:oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/224450
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/224450
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Bancs d'espècimens biològics
Cognició
Diabetis no-insulinodependent
Biological specimen banks
Cognition
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes
Descripción
Sumario:Clinical and genomic studies have shown an overlap between neuropsychiatric disorders and insulin resistance (IR)-related somatic conditions, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Impaired cognition is often observed among neuropsychiatric disorders, where multiple cognitive domains may be affected. In this review, we aimed to summarise previous evidence on the relationship between IR-related diseases/traits and cognitive performance in the large UK Biobank study cohort. Electronic searches were conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science until April 2022. Eighteen articles met the inclusion criteria and were qualitatively reviewed. Overall, there is substantial evidence for an association between IR-related cardio-metabolic diseases/traits and worse performance on various cognitive domains, which is largely independent of possible confoundings. The most consistent findings referred to IR-related associations with poorer verbal and numerical reasoning ability, as well as slower processing speed. The observed associations might be mediated by alterations in immune-inflammation, brain integrity/connectivity, and/or comorbid somatic or psychiatric diseases/traits. Our findings provide impetus for further research into the underlying neurobiology and possible new therapeutic targets.

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