On the use of pseudo-protic ionic liquids to extract gold(III) from HCl solutions

Solvent extraction of gold(III) from HCl media using pseudo-protic ionic liquids (PPILs) dissolved in toluene as the extractant phase is investigated. Three PPILs are generated from the reaction of commercially available amines and 1 M HCl solution and named as pri-NH<sub>2</sub>H<sup...

ver descrição completa

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Alguacil, Francisco José, Robla, J. I.
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Recursos:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/308039
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/308039
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Gold(III)
Hydrochloric acid
Pseudo-protic ionic liquids
Extraction
Stripping
Zero gold valent
Nanoparticles
Descrição
Resumo:Solvent extraction of gold(III) from HCl media using pseudo-protic ionic liquids (PPILs) dissolved in toluene as the extractant phase is investigated. Three PPILs are generated from the reaction of commercially available amines and 1 M HCl solution and named as pri-NH<sub>2</sub>H<sup>+</sup>Cl<sup>−</sup> (derived from the primary amine Primene 81R), sec-NHH<sup>+</sup>Cl<sup>−</sup> (derived from the secondary amine Amberlite LA2) and ter-NH<sup>+</sup>Cl<sup>−</sup> (derived from the tertiary amine Hostarex A327). In the above structures, -NH<sub>2</sub>H<sup>+</sup>Cl<sup>−</sup>, -NHH<sup>+</sup>Cl<sup>−</sup> and -NH<sup>+</sup>Cl<sup>−</sup> represented the active groups (anion exchangers) of the respective PPIL. In the case of gold(III) extraction, the experimental variables investigated included the equilibration time (2.5–30 min), temperature (20–60 °C), HCl concentrations (1–10 M) in the aqueous phase, gold(III) concentration (0.005–0.05 g/L) in this same phase, and PPILs concentrations in the organic phase. From the experimental data, and using the Specific Interaction Theory, the interaction coefficients (ε) for the pair AuCl<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup>, H<sup>+</sup> are estimated for the systems involving the three PPILs. Gold(III) is recovered from the metal-loaded organic phases using sodium thiocyanate solutions, and from these, gold is finally recovered by the precipitation of zero-valent gold (ZVG) nanoparticles.