Cohesin in cancer: chromosome segregation and beyond.

Cohesin is an evolutionarily conserved, four-subunit complex that entraps DNA fibres within its ring-shaped structure. It was originally identified and named for its role in mediating sister chromatid cohesion, which is essential for chromosome segregation and DNA repair. Increasing evidence indicat...

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Bibliographic Details
Author: Losada, Ana
Format: article
Publication Date:2014
Country:España
Institution:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
Repository:Repisalud
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/17959
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/17959
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Chromosome Segregation
Gene Expression Regulation
Cell Cycle Proteins
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone
DNA Repair
Humans
Neoplasms
Cohesins
Description
Summary:Cohesin is an evolutionarily conserved, four-subunit complex that entraps DNA fibres within its ring-shaped structure. It was originally identified and named for its role in mediating sister chromatid cohesion, which is essential for chromosome segregation and DNA repair. Increasing evidence indicates that cohesin participates in other processes that involve DNA looping, most importantly, transcriptional regulation. Mutations in genes encoding cohesin subunits and other regulators of the complex have recently been identified in several types of tumours. Whether aneuploidy that results from chromosome missegregation is the major contribution of cohesin mutations to cancer progression is under debate.