Potential Endocrine Disruption of Cyanobacterial Toxins, Microcystins and Cylindrospermopsin: A Review

Microcystins (MCs) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN), although classified as hepatotoxins and cytotoxins, respectively, have been shown to also induce toxic effects in many other systems and organs. Among them, their potential endocrine disruption (ED) activity has been scarcely investigated. Considering...

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Autores: Casas Rodríguez, Antonio, Cameán Fernández, Ana María, Jos Gallego, Ángeles Mencía
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:idus.us.es:11441/140898
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/140898
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14120882
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:microcystins
cylindrospermopsin
endocrine disruption
steroidogenesis
thyroid hormones
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spelling Potential Endocrine Disruption of Cyanobacterial Toxins, Microcystins and Cylindrospermopsin: A ReviewCasas Rodríguez, AntonioCameán Fernández, Ana MaríaJos Gallego, Ángeles Mencíamicrocystinscylindrospermopsinendocrine disruptionsteroidogenesisthyroid hormonesMicrocystins (MCs) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN), although classified as hepatotoxins and cytotoxins, respectively, have been shown to also induce toxic effects in many other systems and organs. Among them, their potential endocrine disruption (ED) activity has been scarcely investigated. Considering the increasing relevance of ED on humans, mammals, and aquatic organisms, this work aimed to review the state-of-the-art regarding the toxic effects of MCs and CYN at this level. It has been evidenced that MCs have been more extensively investigated than CYN. Reported results are contradictory, with the presence or absence of effects, but experimental conditions also vary to a great extent. In general, both toxins have shown ED activity mediated by very different mechanisms, such as estrogenic responses via a binding estrogen receptor (ER), pathological changes in several organs and cells (testis, ovarian cells), and a decreased gonad-somatic index. Moreover, toxic effects mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), changes in transcriptional responses on several endocrine axes and steroidogenesis-related genes, and changes in hormone levels have also been reported. Further research is required in a risk assessment frame because official protocols for assessment of endocrine disrupters have not been used. Moreover, the use of advanced techniques would aid in deciphering cyanotoxins dose-response relationships in relation to their ED potential.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2019-104890RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033MDPINutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina LegalMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España2022info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/140898https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14120882reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevillainstname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)InglésToxins, 14 (12), 882.PID2019-104890RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14120882info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:idus.us.es:11441/1408982026-06-17T12:51:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Potential Endocrine Disruption of Cyanobacterial Toxins, Microcystins and Cylindrospermopsin: A Review
title Potential Endocrine Disruption of Cyanobacterial Toxins, Microcystins and Cylindrospermopsin: A Review
spellingShingle Potential Endocrine Disruption of Cyanobacterial Toxins, Microcystins and Cylindrospermopsin: A Review
Casas Rodríguez, Antonio
microcystins
cylindrospermopsin
endocrine disruption
steroidogenesis
thyroid hormones
title_short Potential Endocrine Disruption of Cyanobacterial Toxins, Microcystins and Cylindrospermopsin: A Review
title_full Potential Endocrine Disruption of Cyanobacterial Toxins, Microcystins and Cylindrospermopsin: A Review
title_fullStr Potential Endocrine Disruption of Cyanobacterial Toxins, Microcystins and Cylindrospermopsin: A Review
title_full_unstemmed Potential Endocrine Disruption of Cyanobacterial Toxins, Microcystins and Cylindrospermopsin: A Review
title_sort Potential Endocrine Disruption of Cyanobacterial Toxins, Microcystins and Cylindrospermopsin: A Review
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Casas Rodríguez, Antonio
Cameán Fernández, Ana María
Jos Gallego, Ángeles Mencía
author Casas Rodríguez, Antonio
author_facet Casas Rodríguez, Antonio
Cameán Fernández, Ana María
Jos Gallego, Ángeles Mencía
author_role author
author2 Cameán Fernández, Ana María
Jos Gallego, Ángeles Mencía
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv microcystins
cylindrospermopsin
endocrine disruption
steroidogenesis
thyroid hormones
topic microcystins
cylindrospermopsin
endocrine disruption
steroidogenesis
thyroid hormones
description Microcystins (MCs) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN), although classified as hepatotoxins and cytotoxins, respectively, have been shown to also induce toxic effects in many other systems and organs. Among them, their potential endocrine disruption (ED) activity has been scarcely investigated. Considering the increasing relevance of ED on humans, mammals, and aquatic organisms, this work aimed to review the state-of-the-art regarding the toxic effects of MCs and CYN at this level. It has been evidenced that MCs have been more extensively investigated than CYN. Reported results are contradictory, with the presence or absence of effects, but experimental conditions also vary to a great extent. In general, both toxins have shown ED activity mediated by very different mechanisms, such as estrogenic responses via a binding estrogen receptor (ER), pathological changes in several organs and cells (testis, ovarian cells), and a decreased gonad-somatic index. Moreover, toxic effects mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), changes in transcriptional responses on several endocrine axes and steroidogenesis-related genes, and changes in hormone levels have also been reported. Further research is required in a risk assessment frame because official protocols for assessment of endocrine disrupters have not been used. Moreover, the use of advanced techniques would aid in deciphering cyanotoxins dose-response relationships in relation to their ED potential.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11441/140898
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14120882
url https://hdl.handle.net/11441/140898
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14120882
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Toxins, 14 (12), 882.
PID2019-104890RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14120882
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
instname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
instname_str Universidad de Sevilla (US)
reponame_str idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
collection idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
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