Coefficient Alpha

Background: During the 20th century the alpha coefficient (α) was widely used in the estimation of the internal consistency reliability of test scores. After misuses were identified in the early 21st century alternatives became widespread, especially the omega coefficient (ω). Nowadays, α is re-emer...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Doval Dieguez, Eduardo|||0000-0001-8416-160X, Viladrich, Carme|||0000-0002-7464-1455, Angulo-Brunet, Ariadna|||0000-0002-0583-1618
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:273261
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/273261
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.7334/psicothema2022.321
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Reliability-SEM
Internal consistency
Reliability
Cronbach's alpha
Coefficient alpha
Coefficient omega
Congeneric measures
Tau-equivalent measures
Confirmatory factor analysis
Software
Consistencia interna
Fiabilidad
Alfa de Cronbach
Coeficiente alfa
Coeficiente omega
Medidas congenéricas
Medidas tau-equivalentes
Análisis factorial confirmatorio
Descripción
Sumario:Background: During the 20th century the alpha coefficient (α) was widely used in the estimation of the internal consistency reliability of test scores. After misuses were identified in the early 21st century alternatives became widespread, especially the omega coefficient (ω). Nowadays, α is re-emerging as an acceptable option for reliability estimation. Method: A review of the recent academic contributions, journal publication habits and recommendations from normative texts was carried out to identify good practices in estimation of internal consistency reliability. Results: To guide the analysis, we propose a three-phase decision diagram, which includes item description, fit of the measurement model for the test, and choice of the reliability coefficient for test score(s). We also provide recommendations on the use of R, Jamovi, JASP, Mplus, SPSS and Stata software to perform the analysis. Conclusions: Both α and ω are suitable for items with approximately normal distributions and approximately unidimensional and congeneric measures without extreme factor loadings. When items show non-normal distributions, strong specific components, or correlated errors, variants of ω are more appropriate. Some require specific data gathering designs. On a practical level we recommend a critical approach when using the software.