Inundaciones urbanas : criterios de peligrosidad y evaluación del riesgo para peatones y vehículos
In this research work, an analysis is first undertaken on the hazard regarding people exposed to floods in urban areas. Several experiments with people were carried out in order to determine the stability limit to pedestrians, with physical characteristics previously established, crossing through a...
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| Tipo de documento: | tese |
| Data de publicação: | 2016 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositório: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | espanhol |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/106280 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/106280 https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-106280 |
| Access Level: | Acceso aberto |
| Palavra-chave: | Inundación Peligrosidad Vulnerabilidad Peatones Vehículos Flash flood Hazard Vulnerability Pedestrians Vehicles Inundacions -- Control Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil |
| Resumo: | In this research work, an analysis is first undertaken on the hazard regarding people exposed to floods in urban areas. Several experiments with people were carried out in order to determine the stability limit to pedestrians, with physical characteristics previously established, crossing through a water flow. This study was complemented by including surveys on the tested people regarding their feelings during the tests. The aim was to evaluate the adequacy of the tests and more especially to figure out the stability feelings of every person under different hydraulic conditions (water depths and velocities). Vehicles are essential components related to impacts in cities when importants floods occurs, considering that direct tangible damages (impacts either on the vehicles themselves or on other urban structures), indirect tangible damages (traffic interruption) and indirect intangible damages (impacts on pedestrians) may be caused by important flash flood events. After losing the stability vehicles are swept away by the water flow as if they were huge debris. Therefore, it is essential to have suitable tools to evaluate the stability of different types of vehicles (shapes and weights) under different hydraulic conditions (water depths and velocities). Herein, tools to evaluate the stability of vehicles exposed to floods are provided, which have been developed carrying out experimental tests using a sample of vehicles with different scales. Together with the conducted experimental studies, several three-dimensional simulations were carried out. Hardly-measurable variables were obtained due to those simulations which allowed analysing the phenomenon in more depth. The critical friction coefficient was estimated for a tested subject, based on the forces obtained through the conducted simulations. A numerical validation of the proposed experimental threshold was performed for one of the tested vehicles. It opens a wide research field in the pedestrians and vehicles stability studies based on the employment of numerical tools. Lastly, a case study is presented where hazard and risk criteria based on the conducted stability experiments are applied. A new methodoly for the economic damages estimation for vehicles when those are exposed to flooding is presented and applied as well within the case study. In summary, experimental results are presented here, complemented with numerical simulations, and are applied together into a real case, thereby providing valued information according to the final target, flood risk management in urban areas. |
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