Differential DNA methylation in infants with IgE- and non-IgE-mediated cow’s milk allergy and its association with acquired tolerance

Background: Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most common food allergies (FA) in childhood. This condition can be IgE-mediated, non-IgE-mediated, or a combination of both. Diagnosis involves clinical history in conjunction with sensitization tests. However, these tests have limited predictive v...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: López Gómez, Rebeca, Gil Martínez, Marta, Ladrón de Guevara Sáiz, Ana Itziar, Rodrigo Muñoz, José Manuel, Lorente Sorolla, Clara, Rodríguez González, Daniel, García de Castro, Zahara, Guillén Sánchez, Gema, Serrano Santiago, Antonio, Mirasierra Pérez, Raquel, Cañas, José Antonio, Río Camacho, Genoveva Inmaculada del, Pozo Abejón, María Victoria del
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/745841
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10486/745841
https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1571987
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:food allergy
cow’s milk allergy
epigenetic
methylation
IgE-mediated
exclusion diet
tolerance
Medicina
Descripción
Sumario:Background: Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most common food allergies (FA) in childhood. This condition can be IgE-mediated, non-IgE-mediated, or a combination of both. Diagnosis involves clinical history in conjunction with sensitization tests. However, these tests have limited predictive value, making the oral food challenge (OFC) the gold standard for diagnosis. Recent research has focused on identifying biomarkers, including DNA methylation patterns, for FA diagnosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in DNA methylation associated with distinct patterns of CMA, to identify new diagnostic biomarkers. Methods: Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling was performed on blood samples from infants with IgE-mediated CMA (CMAIE), non-IgE-mediated CMA (CMANIE), and non-allergic controls, at baseline and after 6 months of an exclusion diet in CMA groups. These results were then correlated with tolerance acquisition following the restrictive diet. Results: A total of 19 infants were enrolled (10 CMAIE, 6 CMANIE, and 3 controls). Significant differentially methylated regions (DMRs) annotated to both genes and promoters were identified in all groups, and a clear separation of the samples into their respective groups was observed. Furthermore, DMRs in promoters and genes were identified in tolerant CMAIE children after the exclusion diet, being associated to tolerance. Discussion: Differential DNA methylation in CMA children is a useful diagnostic biomarker, and it could also be valuable in predicting the resolution of such pathologies