Guerra i fortificació a la Catalunya moderna: la plaça forta de Girona (1635-1720)
The history of Gerona changed suddenly with the Treaty of the Pyrenees because the cordon established by then (basically, Perpignan and the fortress of Salses) was dismantled. The inability of the Spanish Monarchy to allocate the economic resources to erect a new defensive barrier meant that Gerona...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2022 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/674146 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/674146 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Fortificació Fortificación Fortification Guerra War Soldats Soldados Soldiers Girona Catalunya Cataluña Catalonia Quarter Barrack Setge Asedio Siege 93 |
| Sumario: | The history of Gerona changed suddenly with the Treaty of the Pyrenees because the cordon established by then (basically, Perpignan and the fortress of Salses) was dismantled. The inability of the Spanish Monarchy to allocate the economic resources to erect a new defensive barrier meant that Gerona took on the role of a stronghold. In this sense, the initial date of Girona's transformation into a modern fortified city was the siege of 1653, in the final phase of the Reapers' War, when three stone filled wooden structures were built on the Pedreras mountain and two stone bastions on the Mercadal wall. In 1656, a stile fort was detected on the Barrufa or Montjuic mountain, although it no longer appears in 1660. In the War of Devolution (1667-1668), a fort was erected, also of stone filled wooden structures, to protect the entrance to the Monar irrigation channel in Gerona, which later became known as the Governor's bastion. However, the attack of 1675, in the context of the Dutch War (1673-1679) brought about a real change in the approach to the city's fortifications, as it was then planned to replace the stilt walls with stone. Construction began on the forts of Montjuïc and Condestable, and the forts of the Chapter and the City. While the first was located on the Barrufa mountain, the others were built on the Pedreras mountain. Nevertheless, the fortress of Gerona lacked many elements to be completed, because in the siege of 1684, we still found at least three bastions of stone filled wooden in the Mercadal wall. From then on, a frenetic pace of construction began because all the sash fortifications were transformed into stone, the Mercadal wall, the most exposed, was reinforced and the tower of San Juan was built on the Barrufa mountain. However, the siege of 1694 showed the limitations of the Girona stronghold, as the Duke of Noailles concentrated the attack on the Pedreras mountain and surrendered the city in just a few days. The lesson was learned and two new fortifications, Capuchins and Queen Anne, were quickly erected. But in December 1710, the Bourbon army besieged Girona again, this time via the Barrufa mountain, and managed to surrender the city in just over a month. The Austracists' attempts to recover the city failed dramatically |
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