Evolution of the cosmic ray spectrum during a Forbush decrease
The Antarctic Cosmic Ray Observatory (ORCA) has been in continuous operation since January 2020 and in nominal phase since March 2021 at the Spanish Antarctic Base Juan Carlos I (Livingston Island, Antarctica at 12 m above sea level) at an effective vertical cutoff rigidity of GV. ORCA consists of t...
| Autores: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad de Alcalá (UAH) |
| Repositorio: | e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:ebuah.uah.es:10017/67840 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10017/67840 https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2024.02.026 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Solar-terrestrial relationship Cosmic rays Neutron monitors Muon telescopes Astronomía Física Astronomy Physics |
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Evolution of the cosmic ray spectrum during a Forbush decreaseBlanco Ávalos, Juan José|||0000-0002-8666-0696Ayuso de Gregorio, SindulfoRegadío Carretero, Alberto|||0000-0001-8000-5589López Comazzi, Alejandro FranciscoGarcía Tejedor, Juan Ignacio|||0000-0003-1397-5950García Población, Óscar|||0000-0002-2160-7501Guerrero Contreras, Carlo Luis|||0000-0003-0800-0200Solar-terrestrial relationshipCosmic raysNeutron monitorsMuon telescopesAstronomíaFísicaAstronomyPhysicsThe Antarctic Cosmic Ray Observatory (ORCA) has been in continuous operation since January 2020 and in nominal phase since March 2021 at the Spanish Antarctic Base Juan Carlos I (Livingston Island, Antarctica at 12 m above sea level) at an effective vertical cutoff rigidity of GV. ORCA consists of two neutron monitors, ORC-A with three BF3 counter tubes following the NM64 standard, and ORC-B, with three bare BF3 counter tubes; and a muon telescope, ORC-M consisting of two 1 m2 scintillators with the neutron monitors between them. ORCA provides neutron count rates at two different energy thresholds (provided by ORC-A and ORC-B) and muon count rates and muon incidence directions throughout the ORCA volume. The neutron-producing cosmic rays observed in ORC-A have a lower rigidity threshold than the muon-producing ones observed in ORC-M. The relationship between them gives an idea about the change in the slope of the cosmic ray spectrum at the corresponding thresholds, 2.37 GV for ORC-A and GV for ORC-M. This relation allows to investigate the change in the cosmic ray spectrum along the different regions in an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection, i.e. the shock, the sheath and the magnetic cloud. ORCA first observations are presented, focusing on the analysis of the Forbush Decrease (FD) that happened at the beginning of November 2021. We present these observations and show the promising capabilities of the Antarctic Cosmic Ray Observatory, which represents a new concept of cosmic ray and solar energetic particle detector. The cosmic ray spectrum changes during the Forbush decrease detected in early November 2021 as seen in the change in the ratio of ORC-A to ORC-M count rates. This change is clear after the arrival of the shock and during the magnetic cloud being smoother or even flat in the sheath. In addition, the secondary muons show changes in their arrival directions along the ICME, being clear the different behavior in shock, sheath and magnetic cloud.Agencia Estatal de InvestigaciónElsevier20242024-05-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501NAhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10017/67840https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2024.02.026reponame:e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcaláinstname:Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)InglésengAgencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 PID2019-107806GB-I00 ORCA, ORCT, MINICALMA Y CALMA. OBSERVANDO DE LA INTERACCION SOL-TIERRA Y EL ENTORNO TERRESTRE. CONTRIBUCION ESPAÑOLA A LA NEUTRON MONITOR DATA BASEopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:ebuah.uah.es:10017/678402026-06-18T11:13:07Z |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Evolution of the cosmic ray spectrum during a Forbush decrease |
| title |
Evolution of the cosmic ray spectrum during a Forbush decrease |
| spellingShingle |
Evolution of the cosmic ray spectrum during a Forbush decrease Blanco Ávalos, Juan José|||0000-0002-8666-0696 Solar-terrestrial relationship Cosmic rays Neutron monitors Muon telescopes Astronomía Física Astronomy Physics |
| title_short |
Evolution of the cosmic ray spectrum during a Forbush decrease |
| title_full |
Evolution of the cosmic ray spectrum during a Forbush decrease |
| title_fullStr |
Evolution of the cosmic ray spectrum during a Forbush decrease |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Evolution of the cosmic ray spectrum during a Forbush decrease |
| title_sort |
Evolution of the cosmic ray spectrum during a Forbush decrease |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Blanco Ávalos, Juan José|||0000-0002-8666-0696 Ayuso de Gregorio, Sindulfo Regadío Carretero, Alberto|||0000-0001-8000-5589 López Comazzi, Alejandro Francisco García Tejedor, Juan Ignacio|||0000-0003-1397-5950 García Población, Óscar|||0000-0002-2160-7501 Guerrero Contreras, Carlo Luis|||0000-0003-0800-0200 |
| author |
Blanco Ávalos, Juan José|||0000-0002-8666-0696 |
| author_facet |
Blanco Ávalos, Juan José|||0000-0002-8666-0696 Ayuso de Gregorio, Sindulfo Regadío Carretero, Alberto|||0000-0001-8000-5589 López Comazzi, Alejandro Francisco García Tejedor, Juan Ignacio|||0000-0003-1397-5950 García Población, Óscar|||0000-0002-2160-7501 Guerrero Contreras, Carlo Luis|||0000-0003-0800-0200 |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Ayuso de Gregorio, Sindulfo Regadío Carretero, Alberto|||0000-0001-8000-5589 López Comazzi, Alejandro Francisco García Tejedor, Juan Ignacio|||0000-0003-1397-5950 García Población, Óscar|||0000-0002-2160-7501 Guerrero Contreras, Carlo Luis|||0000-0003-0800-0200 |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Solar-terrestrial relationship Cosmic rays Neutron monitors Muon telescopes Astronomía Física Astronomy Physics |
| topic |
Solar-terrestrial relationship Cosmic rays Neutron monitors Muon telescopes Astronomía Física Astronomy Physics |
| description |
The Antarctic Cosmic Ray Observatory (ORCA) has been in continuous operation since January 2020 and in nominal phase since March 2021 at the Spanish Antarctic Base Juan Carlos I (Livingston Island, Antarctica at 12 m above sea level) at an effective vertical cutoff rigidity of GV. ORCA consists of two neutron monitors, ORC-A with three BF3 counter tubes following the NM64 standard, and ORC-B, with three bare BF3 counter tubes; and a muon telescope, ORC-M consisting of two 1 m2 scintillators with the neutron monitors between them. ORCA provides neutron count rates at two different energy thresholds (provided by ORC-A and ORC-B) and muon count rates and muon incidence directions throughout the ORCA volume. The neutron-producing cosmic rays observed in ORC-A have a lower rigidity threshold than the muon-producing ones observed in ORC-M. The relationship between them gives an idea about the change in the slope of the cosmic ray spectrum at the corresponding thresholds, 2.37 GV for ORC-A and GV for ORC-M. This relation allows to investigate the change in the cosmic ray spectrum along the different regions in an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection, i.e. the shock, the sheath and the magnetic cloud. ORCA first observations are presented, focusing on the analysis of the Forbush Decrease (FD) that happened at the beginning of November 2021. We present these observations and show the promising capabilities of the Antarctic Cosmic Ray Observatory, which represents a new concept of cosmic ray and solar energetic particle detector. The cosmic ray spectrum changes during the Forbush decrease detected in early November 2021 as seen in the change in the ratio of ORC-A to ORC-M count rates. This change is clear after the arrival of the shock and during the magnetic cloud being smoother or even flat in the sheath. In addition, the secondary muons show changes in their arrival directions along the ICME, being clear the different behavior in shock, sheath and magnetic cloud. |
| publishDate |
2024 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2024 2024-05-01 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 NA http://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43 |
| dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| format |
article |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10017/67840 https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2024.02.026 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10017/67840 https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2024.02.026 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés eng |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language |
eng |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Agencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 PID2019-107806GB-I00 ORCA, ORCT, MINICALMA Y CALMA. OBSERVANDO DE LA INTERACCION SOL-TIERRA Y EL ENTORNO TERRESTRE. CONTRIBUCION ESPAÑOLA A LA NEUTRON MONITOR DATA BASE |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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Elsevier |
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Elsevier |
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reponame:e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá instname:Universidad de Alcalá (UAH) |
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Universidad de Alcalá (UAH) |
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