Resource-efficient FPGA architecture for real-time RFI mitigation in interferometric radiometers
Interferometric radiometers operating at L-band, such as ESA’s SMOS mission, enable crucial Earth observations providing high-resolution measurements of soil moisture, ocean salinity, and other geophysical parameters. However, the increasing electromagnetic spectrum utilization has led to significan...
| Autores: | , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositorio: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/422029 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/422029 https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24248001 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Radio frequency interferece RFI FPGA Earth observation Interferometric radiometers Polarimetry Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Radar |
| Sumario: | Interferometric radiometers operating at L-band, such as ESA’s SMOS mission, enable crucial Earth observations providing high-resolution measurements of soil moisture, ocean salinity, and other geophysical parameters. However, the increasing electromagnetic spectrum utilization has led to significant Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) challenges, particularly critical given the sensors’ fine temperature resolution requirements of less than 1 K. This work presents the hardware implementation of an advanced RFI detection and mitigation algorithm specifically designed for interferometric radiometers, targeting future L-band missions. The implementation processes 1-bit quantized signals at 57.69375 MHz from multiple receivers, employing time-frequency analysis and polarimetric detection techniques while optimizing Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) resource utilization. Novel optimization strategies include overclocked processing cores operating at 230.775 MHz, efficient resource sharing through operation serialization, and strategic memory management. The system achieves real-time processing capabilities while maintaining detection probabilities above 63% with false alarm rates below 1% for typical interference scenarios. Performance validation using synthetic datasets demonstrates robust operation across various RFI conditions, making this implementation suitable as part of the RFI detection and mitigation efforts for future interferometric radiometer missions beyond SMOS. |
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