Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: development of mass- quantitative analytical methodologies for the global impact assessment
[eng] Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPLs) are considered contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) due to their demetrial environmental and human health effects already reported in recent bibliography and because of current legislations applied in developed countries are not able to regulate these ones ef...
| Autor: | |
|---|---|
| Formato: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Universidad de Barcelona |
| Repositorio: | Dipòsit Digital de la UB |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/214672 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/2445/214672 http://hdl.handle.net/10803/691903 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Contaminants emergents en l'aigua Microplàstics Cromatografia de líquids d'alta resolució Espectrometria de masses Piròlisi Emerging contaminants in water Microplastics High performance liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Pyrolysis |
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| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: development of mass- quantitative analytical methodologies for the global impact assessment |
| title |
Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: development of mass- quantitative analytical methodologies for the global impact assessment |
| spellingShingle |
Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: development of mass- quantitative analytical methodologies for the global impact assessment Vega Herrera, Albert Contaminants emergents en l'aigua Microplàstics Cromatografia de líquids d'alta resolució Espectrometria de masses Piròlisi Emerging contaminants in water Microplastics High performance liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Pyrolysis |
| title_short |
Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: development of mass- quantitative analytical methodologies for the global impact assessment |
| title_full |
Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: development of mass- quantitative analytical methodologies for the global impact assessment |
| title_fullStr |
Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: development of mass- quantitative analytical methodologies for the global impact assessment |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: development of mass- quantitative analytical methodologies for the global impact assessment |
| title_sort |
Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: development of mass- quantitative analytical methodologies for the global impact assessment |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Vega Herrera, Albert |
| author |
Vega Herrera, Albert |
| author_facet |
Vega Herrera, Albert |
| author_role |
author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Farré, Marinella Abad Holgado, Esteban Universitat de Barcelona. Facultat de Química |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Contaminants emergents en l'aigua Microplàstics Cromatografia de líquids d'alta resolució Espectrometria de masses Piròlisi Emerging contaminants in water Microplastics High performance liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Pyrolysis |
| topic |
Contaminants emergents en l'aigua Microplàstics Cromatografia de líquids d'alta resolució Espectrometria de masses Piròlisi Emerging contaminants in water Microplastics High performance liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Pyrolysis |
| description |
[eng] Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPLs) are considered contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) due to their demetrial environmental and human health effects already reported in recent bibliography and because of current legislations applied in developed countries are not able to regulate these ones effectively enough or simply they do not exist in case of main developing countries. Plastic pollution concerns scientific community because of their continuous introduction to the environment and the poor consensus knowledge in regards to the impact at global scale and their potential toxic effects associated to living organisms that it is still in its infancy. Moreover, there is a lack of harmonised quantitative analytical methodologies able to estimate plastic pollution impact in terms of mass concentration. Main current scientifc advances published for these purposes are related on microscopy, spectroscopy or nanometric techniques that are more suitable for a successful particle characterisation (nature, size and shape) and qualitative extrapolations based on plastic particle-counting approaches unsuitable to provide real quantitative measurements. In the present context of climate change, circular economy processes acquire relevant importance and there is a need to understand what micro(nano)plastics are, as well as their different origin sources, its occurrence, fate, behaviour in the environment and the different exposure routes. In this sense, in this doctoral thesis, mass-quantitative analytical methodologies based on liquid and pyrolysis-gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry have been developed and applied to samples collected from different environmental compartments and marine biota in order to assess the plastic pollution by MNPLs abundances trying to give a comprehensive global view. Target and suspect screening approaches were applied to obtain the polymeric and plastic additives composition. Finally, human bioaccessibility through the diet and the oral exposure to MNPLs have been also evaluated by an in-vitro model applied to the mussels extracts previously exposed and drinking and mineral water analysed from a metropolitan supply system and single-use plastic bottles, respectively. Thus, this thesis contributes to enhance the understanding and knowledge about MNPLs pollution, putting especial emphasys in the occurrence, fate and behaviour of these contaminants in atmospheric and aquatic ecosystems from closed populated areas to remote regions, the potential exposure to marine biota, and ultimately, in humans. The analytical methodologies here presented will help to address to the scientific community the current lack of mass-quantitative methods available in order to tackle the plastic pollution through real and more accurate MNPLs-polymers abundances, and finally, to obtain a more comprehensive view about the real impact of these contaminants in the environment and the subsequent potential threats associated to living organisms by the main exposure pathways. |
| publishDate |
2024 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2024 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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doctoralThesis |
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publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/2445/214672 http://hdl.handle.net/10803/691903 |
| url |
https://hdl.handle.net/2445/214672 http://hdl.handle.net/10803/691903 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
(c) Vega Herrera, Albert, 2024 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| rights_invalid_str_mv |
(c) Vega Herrera, Albert, 2024 |
| eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
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application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universitat de Barcelona |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universitat de Barcelona |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Tesis Doctorals - Facultat - Química reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UB instname:Universidad de Barcelona |
| instname_str |
Universidad de Barcelona |
| reponame_str |
Dipòsit Digital de la UB |
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Dipòsit Digital de la UB |
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1869403919180890112 |
| spelling |
Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: development of mass- quantitative analytical methodologies for the global impact assessmentVega Herrera, AlbertContaminants emergents en l'aiguaMicroplàsticsCromatografia de líquids d'alta resolucióEspectrometria de massesPiròlisiEmerging contaminants in waterMicroplasticsHigh performance liquid chromatographyMass spectrometryPyrolysis[eng] Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPLs) are considered contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) due to their demetrial environmental and human health effects already reported in recent bibliography and because of current legislations applied in developed countries are not able to regulate these ones effectively enough or simply they do not exist in case of main developing countries. Plastic pollution concerns scientific community because of their continuous introduction to the environment and the poor consensus knowledge in regards to the impact at global scale and their potential toxic effects associated to living organisms that it is still in its infancy. Moreover, there is a lack of harmonised quantitative analytical methodologies able to estimate plastic pollution impact in terms of mass concentration. Main current scientifc advances published for these purposes are related on microscopy, spectroscopy or nanometric techniques that are more suitable for a successful particle characterisation (nature, size and shape) and qualitative extrapolations based on plastic particle-counting approaches unsuitable to provide real quantitative measurements. In the present context of climate change, circular economy processes acquire relevant importance and there is a need to understand what micro(nano)plastics are, as well as their different origin sources, its occurrence, fate, behaviour in the environment and the different exposure routes. In this sense, in this doctoral thesis, mass-quantitative analytical methodologies based on liquid and pyrolysis-gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry have been developed and applied to samples collected from different environmental compartments and marine biota in order to assess the plastic pollution by MNPLs abundances trying to give a comprehensive global view. Target and suspect screening approaches were applied to obtain the polymeric and plastic additives composition. Finally, human bioaccessibility through the diet and the oral exposure to MNPLs have been also evaluated by an in-vitro model applied to the mussels extracts previously exposed and drinking and mineral water analysed from a metropolitan supply system and single-use plastic bottles, respectively. Thus, this thesis contributes to enhance the understanding and knowledge about MNPLs pollution, putting especial emphasys in the occurrence, fate and behaviour of these contaminants in atmospheric and aquatic ecosystems from closed populated areas to remote regions, the potential exposure to marine biota, and ultimately, in humans. The analytical methodologies here presented will help to address to the scientific community the current lack of mass-quantitative methods available in order to tackle the plastic pollution through real and more accurate MNPLs-polymers abundances, and finally, to obtain a more comprehensive view about the real impact of these contaminants in the environment and the subsequent potential threats associated to living organisms by the main exposure pathways.[spa] Los micro y nanoplásticos (MNPLs) son considerados contaminantes de preocupación emergente (CECs) debido a que algunos de sus efectos perjudiciales para el medio ambiente y la salud humana ya han sido reportados en la literatura científica. Además, en países desarrollados no han sido regulados de manera eficaz, mientras que en los países en vías de desarrollo, dicha regulación, simplemente no existe. La contaminación plástica preocupa a la comunidad científica por su continua introducción en el medio ambiente y el escaso consenso sobre su impacto a escala global y sus potenciales efectos tóxicos asociados a organismos vivos aún poco estudiados. Es necesario destacar la dificultad del análisis de MNPLs, ya que actualmente hay una carencia importante de armonización de métodos analíticos en uso y un número limitado de métodos analíticos cuantitativos. Los principales hallazgos científicos publicados con este fin están relacionados con la microscopía, la espectroscopía o técnicas nanométricas más adecuadas para la caracterización exitosa de partículas (naturaleza, tamaño y forma) y extrapolaciones cualitativas basadas en enfoques de recuento de partículas de plástico, las cuales son inadecuadas para proporcionar medidas cuantitativas reales. En el contexto actual de cambio climático, los procesos de economía circular adquieren una importancia relevante y surge la necesidad de comprender qué son los micro(nano)plásticos, así como sus diferentes fuentes de origen, su presencia, destino y comportamiento en el medio ambiente, y las diferentes rutas de exposición. En este sentido, en esta tesis, se han desarrollado y validado diferentes metodologías analíticas cuantitativas de masa basadas en cromatografía de líquidos y pirólisis-gases acoplada a la espectrometría de masas para su posterior aplicación a muestras recogidas en diferentes compartimentos ambientales y biota marina para evaluar la contaminación plástica a través de las abundancias de MNPLs e intentando proporcionar una visión global integral. Métodos de detección “target” y de cribado de sospechosos han sido aplicados con la finalidad de obtener la composición polimérica y de aditivos plásticos. Además, varias rutas de exposición humana a los MNPLs también han sido evaluadas a partir de alimentos contaminados (mejillones previamente expuestos), agua apta para el consumo humano a partir de grifos domésticos del Área Metropolitana de Barcelona, y agua potable embotellada en botellas de plástico de un solo uso a partir de las 20 marcas comerciales más populares en España. Así, esta tesis doctoral contribuye a mejorar la comprensión y el conocimiento actual sobre la contaminación plástica por MNPLs, poniendo especial énfasis en los efectos perjudiciales que pueden ocasionar en ecosistemas marinos y atmosféricos desde zonas cercanas a áreas pobladas hasta regiones remotas, la potencial exposición en organismos vivos marinos, y en último lugar, en humanos. Además, las metodologías aquí presentadas ayudarán a abordar a la comunidad científica la falta de métodos cuantitativos de masa disponibles para abordar la contaminación por plásticos a partir de abundancias reales y más precisas de polímeros de MNPLs a nivel de ultratraza, y finalmente, a obtener una visión más exacta sobre el impacto real de estos contaminantes en el medio ambiente y sus posteriores amenazas potenciales asociadas a organismos vivos a través de las principales rutas de exposición.Universitat de BarcelonaFarré, MarinellaAbad Holgado, EstebanUniversitat de Barcelona. Facultat de Química2024info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/214672http://hdl.handle.net/10803/691903Tesis Doctorals - Facultat - Químicareponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UBinstname:Universidad de BarcelonaInglés(c) Vega Herrera, Albert, 2024info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/2146722026-05-27T06:46:51Z |
| score |
15,81155 |