Nuevos materiales, modelos y técnicas de caracterización en acústica de la edificación y acústica medioambiental
[EN] This thesis work is framed in the context of building acoustics and environmental acoustics and its objectives are closely related to those established in two research projects of public funding: European project 'LIFE09 ENV / ES / 000 461 and the national project BIA2013-41537-R (BIAE...
| Autor: | |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2015 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) |
| Repositorio: | RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/57953 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/57953 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Laboratorio de tamaño reducido Ecomateriales Absorción acústica Aislamiento acústico Cámara reverberante Cámara de transmisión FISICA APLICADA |
| Sumario: | [EN] This thesis work is framed in the context of building acoustics and environmental acoustics and its objectives are closely related to those established in two research projects of public funding: European project 'LIFE09 ENV / ES / 000 461 and the national project BIA2013-41537-R (BIAEFIREMAT). Small size laboratories are assessed and validated. These laboratories are used to obtain acoustic parameters of new ecomateriales: absorbent acoustic materials made from recycled fibers and/or natural fibers, nanomaterials (nanofibers and nanopapers) and eco-composites made from natural and/or recycled fibers (orange fiber, hemp, flax, etc.). Currently, find acoustic solutions that meet the new roles of life has become necessary. On the one hand, the new law includes stricter requirements than its precursor. In the field of construction, approval of the CTE DB-HR has taken a significant turn for quality and control, applying new parameters to evaluate and increasing requirement already defined. In the case of environmental acoustics, Law 37/2003 of November 17 is intended to determine the exposure of the population to environmental noise and to adopt action plans in order to prevent and reduce this exposure. The attempt to reduce noise pollution, adjusting to these action plans, suppose a review and optimization the functions of noise barriers, one of the devices most widespread noise control in this field. Moreover, the increased cost of living and the growing concern of using eco-innovative products, which enable the transition to a green economy, makes it necessary to search for acoustic solutions that meet the new legislative requirements and that be more economical and sustainable.Traditionally, acoustic solutions are designed using toxic mineral wool or difficult recycling as absorbent material. However, this trend is changing and the proof is the launch of 'HORIZONTE2020' H2020, Framework Program for Research and Innovation of the European Union. It funds research and innovation projects in various subject areas in the European context and, in particular, its Action 5, 'Climate action, environment, resource efficiency and raw materials', poses different lines of action. One refers to "facilitate the transition to a green economy and society through eco-innovation" strengthening, among others, the eco-innovative products. So, within this new product group, we may include ecomaterials made from waste from other manufacturing processes or made from natural or recycled fibers which are liable to become in acoustic materials applicable to construction, environment, industry or even transport. Therefore, it opens an important line of research based on the acoustic study of these types of materials. In order to test their applicability to the acoustic field, we have to demonstrate their properties, such as sound absorption and acoustic insulation, among others, and compare the results with the properties of traditional materials currently on the market. However, in order to obtain these properties according the Standard specifications, we need large amounts of material and, at the level of research and product development is difficult to have large quantities. This raises the main objective of this thesis which lies in the assessment, validation and implementation of small laboratories (transmission chamber and reverberation chamber), in which obtain essential acoustic parameters for the characterization of new materials and / or eco-materials, construction solutions and noise barriers. The aim is to have small laboratories where the results are comparable to those obtained in a laboratory of great dimensions, in a way, fast, convenient and above all economic. After achieving the main objective, secondary objective is the practical addition to the field of building acoustics and environmental acoustics, ecomaterials and Green Composites, evaluated in these new small laboratories, prior to final certification step. |
|---|