Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol longitudinal trajectories and clinical outcomes following an acute coronary syndrome

Objective: To evaluate longitudinal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) trajectories after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and their association with clinical outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively studied 636 consecutive patients discharged after an ACS in a single-centre between 2018 and 2019...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Santas, E, Núñez, E, Rodríguez-Borja, E, Pozo-Giráldez, A, Murria, R, Vergara, C, Merenciano-González, H, Sanchis, J, Núñez, J, de la Espriella, R
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:INCLIVA
Repositorio:r-INCLIVA. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de INCLIVA
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:incliva_____::0d1637fe2cd6c5f3ba96a96c02de6f1f
Acceso en línea:https://incliva.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20919
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
Acute coronary syndrome
Secondary prevention
Descripción
Sumario:Objective: To evaluate longitudinal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) trajectories after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and their association with clinical outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively studied 636 consecutive patients discharged after an ACS in a single-centre between 2018 and 2019 who had at least one outpatient LDL-C measurement after discharge. Associations between longitudinal LDL-C trajectories and mortality [cardiovascular (CV) and non-CV] or readmission for ACS were assessed using joint models. Results: The mean age was 69.2 +/- 12.5 years, and 68.2% were male. Over a median follow-up of 5.8 years (IQR: 5.1-6.3), 6547 LDL-C measurements were recorded (median 14 per patient). Although LDL-C levels declined significantly over time (p < 0.001), the target of <55 mg/dL was achieved in only 25% of measurements, with a median time in therapeutic range of 18.1% (IQR: 0-41). The association between LDL-C and CV mortality varied according to time since the index event (p for interaction <0.001). LDL-C levels (per 10 mg/dL increase) were not associated with mortality at 1 year (HR 1.00; 95% CI 0.91-1.09) but were associated with increased risk at 3 years (HR 1.09; 95% CI 1.00-1.19) and 5 years (HR 1.19; 95% CI 1.08-1.31). No significant associations were observed with non-CV mortality or ACS readmission Conclusion: After ACS, LDL-C levels decline over time, but achievement of guideline-recommended targets remains suboptimal. The adverse association between higher longitudinal LDL-C levels and CV mortality strengthens with longer follow-up, underscoring the importance of sustained long-term LDL-C control.