Mediterranean, DASH, and MIND Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function: The 2-Year Longitudinal Changes in an Older Spanish Cohort

Background and Aims: Plant-forward dietary patterns have been associated with cardiometabolic health benefits, which, in turn, have been related to cognitive performance with inconsistent findings. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between baseline adherence to three a prio...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Nishi, Stephanie K., Babio, Nancy, Gómez Martínez, Carlos, Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, 1957-, Ros Rahola, Emilio, Corella Piquer, Dolores, Castañer, Olga, Martínez, J. Alfredo, 1957-, Alonso Gómez, Ángel M., Wärnberg, Julia, Vioque, Jesús, Romaguera, Dora, López Miranda, José, Estruch Riba, Ramon, Tinahones, Francisco J., Lapetra, José, Serra Majem, Lluís, Bueno Cavanillas, Aurora, Tur, Josep A., Martín Sánchez, Vicente, Pintó Sala, Xavier, Delgado Rodríguez, Miguel, Matía Martín, Pilar, Vidal i Cortada, Josep, Vázquez, Clotilde, Daimiel, Lidia, Razquin, Cristina, Coltell, Óscar, Becerra Tomás, Nerea, Torre Fornell, Rafael de la, Abete, Itziar, Sorto Sanchez, Carolina, Barón López, Francisco Javier, Signes Pastor, Antonio J., Konieczna, Jadwiga, García Ríos, Antonio, Casas Rodríguez, Rosa M., Gomez Perez, Ana Maria, Santos Lozano, José Manuel, García Arellano, Ana, Guillem Saiz, Patricia, Ni, Jiaqi, Soria Florido, María Trinidad, Zulet, M. Angeles, Vaquero Luna, Jessica, Toledo Atucha, Estefanía, Fitó Colomer, Montserrat, Salas Salvadó, Jordi
Tipo de documento: artigo
Estado:Versão publicada
Data de publicação:2021
País:España
Recursos:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositório:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:2445/184058
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/184058
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Dieta
Neurociència cognitiva
Hàbits alimentaris
Cognició
Alimentació de les persones grans
Diet
Cognitive neuroscience
Food habits
Cognition
Older people nutrition
Descrição
Resumo:Background and Aims: Plant-forward dietary patterns have been associated with cardiometabolic health benefits, which, in turn, have been related to cognitive performance with inconsistent findings. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between baseline adherence to three a priori dietary patterns (Mediterranean, DASH, and MIND diets) with 2-year changes in cognitive performance in older adults with overweight or obesity and high cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: A prospective cohort analysis was conducted within the PREDIMED-Plus trial, involving 6,647 men and women aged 55-75 years with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome. Using a validated, semiquantitative 143-item food frequency questionnaire completed at baseline, the dietary pattern adherence scores were calculated. An extensive neuropsychological test battery was administered at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were used to assess associations between 2-year changes in cognitive function z-scores across tertiles of baseline adherence to the a priori dietary patterns. Results: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet at baseline was associated with 2-year changes in the general cognitive screening Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE, β: 0.070; 95% CI: 0.014, 0.175, P-trend = 0.011), and two executive function-related assessments: the Trail Making Tests Part A (TMT-A, β: −0.054; 95% CI: −0.110, − 0.002, P-trend = 0.047) and Part B (TMT-B, β: −0.079; 95% CI: −0.134, −0.024, P-trend = 0.004). Adherence to the MIND diet was associated with the backward recall Digit Span Test assessment of working memory (DST-B, β: 0.058; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.114, P-trend = 0.045). However, higher adherence to the DASH dietary pattern was not associated with better cognitive function over a period of 2 years. Conclusion: In older Spanish individuals with overweight or obesity and at high cardiovascular disease risk, higher baseline adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern may be associated with better cognitive performance than lower adherence over a period of 2 years.

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