The power board of the KM3NeT digital optical module: design, upgrade, and production
The KM3NeT Collaboration is building an underwater neutrino observatory at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea, consisting of two neutrino telescopes, both composed of a three-dimensional array of light detectors, known as digital optical modules. Each digital optical module contains a set of 31 thr...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositorio: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/414961 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/414961 https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13112044 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Neutrinos Telescopes Power supply Acquisition electronics Neutrino telescopes Neutrins Telescopis Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Astronomia i astrofísica |
| id |
ES_14f8a485686e741a489c8a1435eed2ea |
|---|---|
| oai_identifier_str |
oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/414961 |
| network_acronym_str |
ES |
| network_name_str |
España |
| repository_id_str |
|
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The power board of the KM3NeT digital optical module: design, upgrade, and production |
| title |
The power board of the KM3NeT digital optical module: design, upgrade, and production |
| spellingShingle |
The power board of the KM3NeT digital optical module: design, upgrade, and production Aiello, Sebastiano Neutrinos Telescopes Power supply Acquisition electronics Neutrino telescopes Neutrins Telescopis Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Astronomia i astrofísica |
| title_short |
The power board of the KM3NeT digital optical module: design, upgrade, and production |
| title_full |
The power board of the KM3NeT digital optical module: design, upgrade, and production |
| title_fullStr |
The power board of the KM3NeT digital optical module: design, upgrade, and production |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The power board of the KM3NeT digital optical module: design, upgrade, and production |
| title_sort |
The power board of the KM3NeT digital optical module: design, upgrade, and production |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Aiello, Sebastiano Albert, Arnauld Alves Garre, Sergio Aly, Zineb Ambrosone, Antonio Ameli, Fabrizio André, Michel|||0000-0002-0091-7279 Androutsou, E. Anguita, M. Aphecetche, Laurent Ardid Ramírez, Miguel Ardid Ramírez, Joan Salvador Atmani, H Aublin, J. |
| author |
Aiello, Sebastiano |
| author_facet |
Aiello, Sebastiano Albert, Arnauld Alves Garre, Sergio Aly, Zineb Ambrosone, Antonio Ameli, Fabrizio André, Michel|||0000-0002-0091-7279 Androutsou, E. Anguita, M. Aphecetche, Laurent Ardid Ramírez, Miguel Ardid Ramírez, Joan Salvador Atmani, H Aublin, J. |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Albert, Arnauld Alves Garre, Sergio Aly, Zineb Ambrosone, Antonio Ameli, Fabrizio André, Michel|||0000-0002-0091-7279 Androutsou, E. Anguita, M. Aphecetche, Laurent Ardid Ramírez, Miguel Ardid Ramírez, Joan Salvador Atmani, H Aublin, J. |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Neutrinos Telescopes Power supply Acquisition electronics Neutrino telescopes Neutrins Telescopis Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Astronomia i astrofísica |
| topic |
Neutrinos Telescopes Power supply Acquisition electronics Neutrino telescopes Neutrins Telescopis Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Astronomia i astrofísica |
| description |
The KM3NeT Collaboration is building an underwater neutrino observatory at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea, consisting of two neutrino telescopes, both composed of a three-dimensional array of light detectors, known as digital optical modules. Each digital optical module contains a set of 31 three-inch photomultiplier tubes distributed over the surface of a 0.44 m diameter pressure-resistant glass sphere. The module also includes calibration instruments and electronics for power, readout, and data acquisition. The power board was developed to supply power to all the elements of the digital optical module. The design of the power board began in 2013, and ten prototypes were produced and tested. After an exhaustive validation process in various laboratories within the KM3NeT Collaboration, a mass production batch began, resulting in the construction of over 1200 power boards so far. These boards were integrated in the digital optical modules that have already been produced and deployed, which total 828 as of October 2023. In 2017, an upgrade of the power board, to increase reliability and efficiency, was initiated. The validation of a pre-production series has been completed, and a production batch of 800 upgraded boards is currently underway. This paper describes the design, architecture, upgrade, validation, and production of the power board, including the reliability studies and tests conducted to ensure safe operation at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea throughout the observatory’s lifespan. |
| publishDate |
2024 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2024 2024-05-24 2024 2024-09-26 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 VoR http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
| dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| format |
article |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/2117/414961 https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13112044 |
| url |
https://hdl.handle.net/2117/414961 https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13112044 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés eng |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language |
eng |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
European Commission http://doi.org/10.13039/100010661 Horizon 2020 Framework Programme 101008324 Chemical Elements as Tracers of the Evolution of the Cosmos |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| rights_invalid_str_mv |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| instname_str |
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| reponame_str |
UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| collection |
UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv |
|
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
| _version_ |
1869403769019564032 |
| spelling |
The power board of the KM3NeT digital optical module: design, upgrade, and productionAiello, SebastianoAlbert, ArnauldAlves Garre, SergioAly, ZinebAmbrosone, AntonioAmeli, FabrizioAndré, Michel|||0000-0002-0091-7279Androutsou, E.Anguita, M.Aphecetche, LaurentArdid Ramírez, MiguelArdid Ramírez, Joan SalvadorAtmani, HAublin, J.NeutrinosTelescopesPower supplyAcquisition electronicsNeutrino telescopesNeutrinsTelescopisÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Astronomia i astrofísicaThe KM3NeT Collaboration is building an underwater neutrino observatory at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea, consisting of two neutrino telescopes, both composed of a three-dimensional array of light detectors, known as digital optical modules. Each digital optical module contains a set of 31 three-inch photomultiplier tubes distributed over the surface of a 0.44 m diameter pressure-resistant glass sphere. The module also includes calibration instruments and electronics for power, readout, and data acquisition. The power board was developed to supply power to all the elements of the digital optical module. The design of the power board began in 2013, and ten prototypes were produced and tested. After an exhaustive validation process in various laboratories within the KM3NeT Collaboration, a mass production batch began, resulting in the construction of over 1200 power boards so far. These boards were integrated in the digital optical modules that have already been produced and deployed, which total 828 as of October 2023. In 2017, an upgrade of the power board, to increase reliability and efficiency, was initiated. The validation of a pre-production series has been completed, and a production batch of 800 upgraded boards is currently underway. This paper describes the design, architecture, upgrade, validation, and production of the power board, including the reliability studies and tests conducted to ensure safe operation at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea throughout the observatory’s lifespan.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (contract ANR-15-CE31-0020), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Européenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), LabEx UnivEarthS (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-18-IDEX-0001), Paris Île-de-France Region, France; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG, FR-22-13708), Georgia; The General Secretariat of Research and Innovation (GSRI), Greece; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca (MIUR), PRIN 2022 program (Grant PANTHEON 2022E2J4RK); Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Innovation, Morocco, and the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, Kuwait; Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; The National Science Centre, Poland (2021/41/N/ST2/01177); The grant “AstroCeNT: Particle Astrophysics Science and Technology Centre”, carried out within the International Research Agendas programme of the Foundation for Polish Science financed by the European Union under the European Regional Development Fund; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Grants PID2021-124591NB-C41, -C42, -C43 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and, as appropriate, by “ERDF A way of making Europe”, by the “European Union” or by the “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”, Programa de Planes Complementarios I+D+I (refs. ASFAE/2022/023, ASFAE/2022/014), Programa Prometeo (PROMETEO/2020/019) and GenT (refs. CIDEGENT/2018/034, /2019/043, /2020/049. /2021/23) of the Generalitat Valenciana, Junta de Andalucía (ref. SOMM17/6104/UGR, P18-FR-5057), EU: MSC program (ref. 101025085), Programa María Zambrano (Spanish Ministry of Universities, funded by the European Union, NextGenerationEU), Spain; The European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (ChETEC-INFRA - Project no. 101008324).Peer ReviewedArticle signat per 284 autors/es: Sebastiano Aiello, Arnauld Albert, Sergio Alves Garre, Zineb Aly, Antonio Ambrosone, Fabrizio Ameli, Michel Andre, Eleni Androutsou, Mancia Anguita, Laurent Aphecetche, Miguel Ardid, ,Salva Ardid, Hicham Atmani, Julien Aublin, Francesca Badaracco, Louis Bailly-Salins, Zuzana Bardacova, Bruny Baret, Adriana Bariego, Suzan Basegmez Du Pree, Yvonne Becherini, Meriem Bendahman, Francesco Benfenati, Marouane Benhassi, David M. Benoit, Edward Berbee, Vincent Bertin, Simone Biagi, Markus Boettcher, Danilo Bonanno, Jihad Boumaaza, Mohammed Bouta, Mieke Bouwhuis, Cristiano Bozza, Riccardo Maria Bozza, Horea Branzas, Felix Bretaudeau, Ronald Bruijn, Jurgen Brunner, Riccardo Bruno, Ernst Jan Buis, Raffaele Buompane, Jose Busto, Barbara Caiffi, David Calvo, Stefano Campion, Antonio Capone, Francesco Carenini, Víctor Carretero, Théophile Cartraud, Paolo Castaldi, Vincent Cecchini, Silvia Celli, Luc Cerisy, Mohamed Chabab, Michael Chadolias, Cèdric Champion, Andrew Chen, Silvio Cherubini, Tommaso Chiarusi, Marco Circella, Rosanna Cocimano, João Coelho, Alexis Coleiro, Stephane Colonges, Rosa Coniglione, Paschal Coyle, Alexandre Creusot, Giacomo Cuttone, Richard Dallier, Yara Darras, Antonio De Benedittis, Maarten de Jong, Paul de Jong, Bianca De Martino, Els de Wolf, Valentin Decoene, Riccardo Del Burgo, Ilaria Del Rosso, Umberto Maria, Letizia Stella Di Mauro, Irene Di Palma, Antonio Diaz, Cristian Díaz Martín, Dídac Diego-Tortosa, Carla Distefano, Alba Domi, Corinne Donzaud, Damien Dornic, Manuel Dörr, Evangelia Drakopoulou, Doriane Drouhin, Rastislav Dvornický, Thomas Eberl, Eliska Eckerova, Ahmed Eddymaoui, Maximilian Eff , Imad El Bojaddaini, Sonia El Hedri, Alexander Enzenhöfer, Giovanna Ferrara, Miroslav Filipovic, Francesco Filippini, Dino Franciotti, Luigi Antonio Fusco, Omar Gabella , Jean-Louis Gabriel, Silvia Gagliardini, Tamas Gal, Juan García Méndez, Alfonso Andres Garcia Soto, Clara Gatius Oliver, Nicole Geißelbrecht, Houria Ghaddari, Lucio Gialanella, Brad K. Gibson, Emidio Giorgio, Isabel Goos, Pranjupriya Goswami, Damien Goupilliere, Sara Rebecca Gozzini, Rodrigo Gracia, Kay Graf, Carlo Guidi, Benoît Guillon, Miguel Gutiérrez, Aart Heijboer, Amar Hekalo, Lukas Hennig, Juan-Jose Hernandez-Rey, Walid Idrissi Ibnsalih, Giulia Illuminati, Peter Jansweijer, Bouke Jisse Jung, Piotr Kalaczyński, Oleg Kalekin, Uli Katz, Amina Khatun, Giorgi Kistauri, Claudio Kopper, Antoine Kouchner, Vincent Kueviakoe, Vladimir Kulikovskiy, Ramaz Kvatadze, Marc Labalme, Robert Lahmann, Giuseppina Larosa, Chiara Lastoria, Alfonso Lazo, Sebastien Le Stum, Grégory Lehaut, Emanuele Leonora, Nadja Lessing, Giuseppe Levi, Miles Lindsey Clark, Pietro Litrico, Fabio Longhitano, Jerzy Mańczak, Jhilik Majumdar, Leonardo Malerba, Fadahat Mamedov, Alberto Manfreda, Martina Marconi, Annarita Margiotta, Antonio Marinelli, Christos Markou, Lilian Martin, Juan Antonio Martínez-Mora, Fabio Marzaioli, Massimo Mastrodicasa, Stefano Mastroianni, Sandra Miccichè, Gennaro Miele, Pasquale Migliozzi, Emilio Migneco, Saverio Minutoli, Maria Lucia Mitsou, Carlos Maximiliano Mollo, Lizeth Morales Gallego, Michele Morga, Abdelilah Moussa, Ivan Mozun Mateo, Rasa Muller, Paolo Musico, Maria Rosaria Musone, Mario Musumeci, Sergio Navas, Amid Nayerhoda, Carlo Alessandro Nicolau, Bhuti Nkosi, Brían Ó Fearraigh, Veronica Oliviero, Angelo Orlando, Enzo Oukacha, Daniele Paesani, Juan Palacios González, Gogita Papalashvili, Vittorio Parisi, Emilio Pastor, Alice Paun, Gabriela Emilia Pavalas, Giuliano Pellegrini, Santiago Pena Martinez, Mathieu Perrin-Terrin, Jerome Perronnel, Valentin Pestel, Rebekah Pestes, Paolo Piattelli, Chiara Poirè, Vlad Popa, Thierry Pradier, Jorge Prado, Sara Pulvirenti, Gilles Quemener, Carlos Quiroz, Ushak Rahaman, Nunzio Randazzo, Richard Randriatoamanana, Soebur Razzaque, Immacolata Carmen Rea, Diego Real, Giorgio Riccobene, Joshua Robinson, Andrey Romanov, Adrian Saina, Francisco Salesa Greus, Dorothea Franziska Elisabeth Samtleben, Agustín Sánchez Losa, Simone Sanfilippo, Matteo Sanguineti, Claudio Santonastaso, Domenico Santonocito, Piera Sapienza, Jan-Willem Schmelling, Jutta Schnabel, Johannes Schumann, Hester Schutte, Jordan Seneca, Nour-Eddine Sennan, Bastian Setter, Irene Sgura, Rezo Shanidze, Ankur Sharma, Yury Shitov, Fedor Šimkovic, Andreino Simonelli, Anna Sinopoulou, Mikhail Smirnov, Bernardino Spisso, Maurizio Spurio, Dimitris Stavropoulos, Ivan Štekl, Mauro Taiuti, Yahya Tayalati, Hannes Thiersen, Iara Tosta e Melo, Efi Tragia, Benjamin Trocme, Vasileios Tsourapis, Ekaterini Tzamariudaki, Antonin Vacheret, Angel Valer Melchor, Veronica Valsecchi, Vincent van Beveren, Thijs van Eeden, Daan van Eijk, Véronique Van Elewyck, Hans van Haren, Godefroy Vannoye, George Vasileiadis, Francisco Vazquez De Sola, Cedric Verilhac, Alessandro Veutro, Salvatore Viola, Daniele Vivolo, Joern Wilms, Harold Yepes Ramirez, Giorgos Zarpapis, Sandra Zavatarelli, Angela Zegarelli, Daniele Zito , Juan de Dios Zornoza , Juan Zuñiga and Natalia Zywucka20242024-05-2420242024-09-26journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/414961https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13112044reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)InglésengEuropean Commission http://doi.org/10.13039/100010661 Horizon 2020 Framework Programme 101008324 Chemical Elements as Tracers of the Evolution of the Cosmosopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/4149612026-05-27T15:37:01Z |
| score |
15,81155 |