Jackdaws Use Lynx Scat in Nests: Implications for Iberian Lynx Genetic Monitoring

We present the first documented case of jackdaws (Coloeus monedula) collecting and placing Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) scat in their nests in the Montes de Toledo, Spain. This behavior may significantly compromise conservation efforts for species whose monitoring relies on non-invasive genetic samp...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Jiménez, José, Finat, Rafael, Fernández Tizón, Mario, Hernández Hernández, Javier, Martínez González, Alicia I., Virgós, Emilio
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/123596
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/123596
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:598.293
591.5
599.742.75
Conservation
Genetic monitoring
Interspecific interactions
Jackdaws
Lynx scat
Spatial capture-recapture
Zoología
Aves
Mamíferos
Ecología (Biología)
2401 Biología Animal (Zoología)
2401.20 Ornitología
2401.18 Mamíferos
2401.02 Comportamiento Animal
2401.06 Ecología Animal
2408 Etología
Descripción
Sumario:We present the first documented case of jackdaws (Coloeus monedula) collecting and placing Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) scat in their nests in the Montes de Toledo, Spain. This behavior may significantly compromise conservation efforts for species whose monitoring relies on non-invasive genetic sampling—such as the lynx—especially in areas with dense populations of jackdaws or other species exhibiting similar behavior, where this removal may substantially reduce sample availability. Using artificial nest boxes equipped with camera traps, we confirmed that jackdaws actively transport lynx scat to their nests. In a controlled experiment simulating a lynx latrine, all scat was removed in just over an hour. Simulations using spatial capture-recapture (SCR) models showed that this behavior can introduce bias and reduce the accuracy of population estimates based on genetic sampling, a widely used method in wildlife monitoring. These findings highlight the importance of considering interspecific interactions when designing monitoring protocols for threatened species. More broadly, this case illustrates how overlooked ecological behaviors can compromise conservation tools and underscores the need for adaptive monitoring strategies in dynamic ecosystems.